A Concise History of the Middle East

542 • Index

Hunkar-Iskelesi Treaty, 178
Hunyadi, John, 143
Husayn (grandson of Muhammad), 61,66,
67,73
Husayn (Jordan king ), 299,315,317,325,
331, 337, 344,355,401,407,413,415
Husayn (Mecca sherif/amir), 210,211,

215,216

Husayn Kamil (sultan), 252
Husayn-McMahon correspondence,

211-212
Husayn, Saddam. See Saddam Husayn
Husayn, Taha, 259,260
al-Husayni, Hajj Amin, 281,282,284,297
Huseyin (vizier), 160

Iblis, 44
IbnKhaldun, 121
IbnRushd, 119,120
Ibn Sa'ud, Abd al-Aziz, 224

IbnSina, 119,120,121

Ibrahim (son of Mehmet Ali), 174,205
Ibrahim (sultan), 158
IDF. See Israel Defense Force
Idols, 26,32,49
Ijtihad, 111
Ikhwan, 244
Il-Khanid dynasty, 105,129,133map,
134-137
Persia and, 135-136
Imperial Bank of Persia, 199
Imperial Rescript, 180
Imperialism, 157,158,159,160,162,164,
166,183,186,208,210, 217, 282,
285,291,302, 306,314, 317, 318,
319,340,373,399,446
India, 96,101,130,137
Indian Ocean, 18
Industrial Revolution, 161,173
Industrialization, 231,418,423.
See also Modernization; Reforms;
Westernization
Inflation, 151, 224,235,247,263,355,362,
378,385,423
Inheritance, 37,111,113,230

Intifada, 369,406,407,415,438,441

first, 406-408

second, 415-416

Iqta' system, 94,96,140

Iran, 9,10,16,20,73,111,177,181,224,

235,237, 239,240-242,312,351,

367-384,387,394. See abo Persia

Baha'i faith and, 181

basic statistics for, 530f

Britain and, 239,241

development of, 240

geography of, 10,235

Germany and, 241

hostage crisis in, 377-379

Iraq and, 369,382-384,394,398,426

Islamic Republic of, 395

Islamic Revolutionary Guard

Corps, 379

Majlis in, 377,378,424

National Front Party of, 373,376

oil and, 372

reforms for, 239-240

Revolution of 1979 and, 370-379

SAVAK in, 241,372,373, 374

Soviet Union and, 241

terrorism in, 423-424

ulamaand, 241

United States and, 240-241,368-379

Westernization of, 238-241,372-373

White Revolution of, 241,372,373

Iran-Contra affair, 383,394

Iran-Iraq War, 369,382-384,394,398,

399,426

Iraq, 6,20, 57,69, 78,105,213,225,245,

302-303,318,436map.

See also Kurds

Assyrian uprising in, 303

basic statistics for, 530t

Britain and, 213,219,303

coup in, 303

factions within, 302

Fertile Crescent union of, 303

Iran and, 369,382-384,394,398,426

Israeli War of Independence and, 303

Kurds in, 302