Abaoji (Khitan leader), 68
Administration, 2, 20, 85; Qin, 22. See also
Bureaucracy
Agriculture, 1, 11; collectivized, 135–36,
140–41; new crops from Americas, 90;
privatized, 146; rice cultivation, xiv,
38–39, 75; Song success, 75
Aguda (Khitan leader), 71
Amitabha Buddha, 56. See also Buddhism
Analects (Confucius), 37, 70
Ancestor worship, xv, 19, 99; Bronze Age,
3, 5, 6–7, 8; Confucianism and, 13,
32–33.See also Filial piety
An Lushan Rebellion, 60–61
Anyang (Shang capital), 3, 5
Arab merchants, 55, 61, 78
Archers (bow and arrows), 28, 80, 96
Aristocracy (nobility), 28, 29, 30, 51; Qin
dynasty, 21–22, 24; Tang dynasty, 53, 59,
64, 67, 73
Armed forces, 12, 60, 121; Ming dynasty,
85–86, 87; Mongol, 79–82; professional,
36, 53, 95–96; Red Army, 126–28,
131; Song dynasty, 67, 69; Sui dynasty,
51; Taiping Rebellion, 107; terra cotta,
22–23; Warlord Era, 116. See also
Military; People’s Liberation Army
Art and artisans, 152; bronze, 6; Buddhist
cave, 45–46, 47, 49, 56; calligraphy,
70–71, 79; gardens, 92; landscape
painting, 76–77, 79, 92–93; Neolithic, 2;
porcelain, 78–79, 90–91; tomb paintings,
64; Yuan dynasty, 83
The Art of War (Sunzi), 12, 127
Ba Jin, 124
Ban Gu, 33–34
Ban Zhao, 33–35
Beijing, 102, 111, 115, 120; Anglo-French
invasion of, 107; Chiang Kai-shek in,
122; Forbidden City in, 88, 95; as Ming
capital, 86, 87; modernization of, 125;
Olympics in, 153; student protests in,
117, 148, 149–50; as Yuan capital, 81.
See also Beiping
Beiping: in early Ming, 86–88; in
Republican era, 122. See also Beijing
Bethune, Norman, 131–32
Blue Shirts (fascists), 124
Bodhidharma, 56–57
Bodhisattva, 43, 55
Bo Juyi, 64
Bolshevik Revolution, 119–20
Book of Changes (I Ching or Yijing), 10,
70, 154
Book of Han, 33
Book of Han Feizi, 17–18
Book of Songs, 11
Book of Zhuangzi, 16, 17, 40
Bows and arrows. See Archers
Boxer Rebellion, 111, 112
Bronze Age: Shang dynasty, 2–9, 10; Zhou
dynasty, 3, 4, 9–59, 17, 60
Bubonic plague, 82
Buddha (Sidhartha Gautama), 41–42, 43
Buddhism, 41–47, 50, 51, 94; cave art and,
45–46, 47, 49, 56; Chan (Zen), 56–57,
70, 91; Daoism and, 16, 40, 43–44,
55, 56–57; Mahayana, 43–44; Neo-
Confucianism and, 73; Tang era, 45, 46,
55–57, 65–66; Theravada, 42–43, 44;
Tibetan, 81, 141, 153; trade and, 46–47,
55
Buddhist monasteries, 43, 44, 47, 62; cave
art and, 46, 49, 56; economy and, 57
Bureaucracy, 15, 19, 24, 47; civil service
examinations, 29, 67, 69; Han purges
of, 35; Ming court and, 87, 90; Song
dynasty, 67, 69. See also Scholar-offi cials
Bush, George W., 154
Calligraphy, 70–71, 79
Canton.See Guangzhou
Cao family, 37
Cao Xueqin, 100
Castration, 29. See also Eunuchs
Caucasian mummies, 9
Cavalrymen, 80. See also Horsemanship
Cave art, 45–46, 47, 49, 55
Celestial Masters, 40
Central Asia, 25, 44, 46; Mongol Empires
in, 72, 79–84; music from, 65; Silk Roads
trade and, 28, 31, 53, 54, 61, 65; Tang
dynasty and, 53, 54
Chang’an, 25, 31, 44, 51, 53, 67; as Tang
capital, 53, 55, 60, 62, 63
Chan (Zen) Buddhism, 56, 70, 92
Chariots, 7, 9, 12, 22