http://www.ck12.org Chapter 13. States of Matter
13.1 Kinetic-Molecular Theory and Gases
Lesson Objectives
- State the main points of the kinetic molecular theory, and describe how it relates to the properties of an ideal
gas. - Define pressure and describe how gases exert pressure.
- Understand the barometer and how it measures atmospheric pressure. Convert between units of gas pressure.
- Relate temperature to average kinetic energy.
Lesson Vocabulary
- absolute zero
- atmospheric pressure
- barometer
- gas pressure
- ideal gas
- kinetic-molecular theory
- pascal
- pressure
Check Your Understanding
Recalling Prior Knowledge
- How are gases different from solids and liquids in terms of the arrangement of the particles?
- What are kinetic energy and temperature?
- What is the Kelvin temperature scale?
Matter commonly exists in three forms or states: solid, liquid, or gas. In earlier chapters, you learned about the study
of matter at the atomic and molecular level. In this chapter, we will be concerned with the macroscopic properties of
matter. In other words, we will study the properties and behavior of large quantities of matter. This lesson focuses on
a general conception of matter called the kinetic-molecular theory, with special attention focused on its application
to gases.
Start this section out with a funny review of the phases of matter at http://video.pbs.org/video/2175892485.
You can also review the phases of matter by working a puzzle at http://education.jlab.org/sciencecrossword/matte
r_01.html.
Review what phases look like on the molecular level at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yXAu_1DXN7o.