21.3. Acid and Base Strength http://www.ck12.org
a. Compare the relative amounts of HX, H+, and X−that are present in solution at equilibrium.
b. Compare the relative amounts of HY, H+, and Y−that are present in solution at equilibrium.- Write equations for the ionizations of the following acid and base in water.
a. bromous acid, HBrO 2
b. bromite ion, BrO 2 − - Use the table above (Table21.5) to list the bases F−, CN−, and HCO 3 −in order from weakest to strongest.
- Write the Kaexpressions for the following weak acids.
a. sulfurous acid, H 2 SO 3
b. lactic acid, HC 3 H 5 O 3 - Write Kbexpressions for the following weak bases.
a. carbonate ion, CO 32 −
b. aniline, C 6 H 5 NH 2
Problems
- A 1.25 M solution of a certain unknown acid has a pH of 4.73. Calculate the Kaof the acid.
- A 0.350 M solution of a certain unknown base has a pH of 11.22. Calculate the Kbof the base.
- Determine the pH of the following solutions.
a. 2.40 M benzoic acid
b. 0.745 M pyridine - What concentration of a solution of hydrofluoric acid should be prepared in order to have a pH of 2.00?
Further Reading / Supplemental Links
- pHofWeakAcidsandBases, http://www.kentchemistry.com/links/AcidsBases/pHWeaks.htm
- StrongandWeakAcids, http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/acidbaseeqia/acids.html
- StrongandWeakBases, http://www.chemguide.co.uk/physical/acidbaseeqia/bases.html
Points to Consider
Acids and bases react with each other in a reaction called a neutralization.
- What are the products of a neutralization reaction?
- How can a neutralization reaction be used to determine the unknown concentration of an acid or base in an
aqueous solution?