http://www.ck12.org Chapter 25. Organic Chemistry
CHAPTER
(^25) Organic Chemistry
Chapter Outline
25.1 Hydrocarbons
25.2 HYDROCARBONRINGS
25.3 FUNCTIONALGROUPS
25.4 ORGANICREACTIONS
25.5 REFERENCES
Petroleum is big business in the modern world. Petroleum, also known as crude oil, is formed by the decay of plants
over millions of years. It is then extracted from the ground and processed into many different products. In the
refinery pictured above, crude oil is separated into fractions based on differences in the boiling points of the various
components. That process is called fractional distillation. Among the uses of petroleum are gasoline and other
fuels, oils, plastics, adhesives, and a host of useful chemicals. The common thread in all of these compounds is the
element, carbon. The chemistry of carbon-containing compounds is called organic chemistry. In this chapter, you
will learn about the basics of organic chemistry, including types of organic compounds, the system of nomenclature
used in organic chemistry, and some basic organic reactions.
F lickr:Libelul.www.f lickr.com/photos/libelul 60 / 2408760397 /.CC BY 2. 0.