25.4 Organic Reactions
25.4 Organic Reactions
Lesson Objectives
- Describe and distinguish between substitution reactions and addition reactions, and give examples of each.
- Relate the concepts of oxidation and reduction to organic reactions.
- Describe and give examples of condensation reactions, including esterification.
- Define “polymer,” and describe how polymers are formed by an addition reaction or by a condensation
reaction.
Lesson Vocabulary
- addition polymer
- addition reaction
- condensation polymer
- condensation reaction
- esterification
- hydration reaction
- hydrogenation
- monomer
- polymer
- saponification
- substitution reaction
Check Your Understanding
Recalling Prior Knowledge
- What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons?
- How are oxidation and reduction defined with respect to the elements oxygen and hydrogen?
Organic reactions require the breaking of strong covalent bonds, which takes a considerable input of energy. In order
for relatively stable organic molecules to react at a reasonable rate, they often must be modified with the use of highly
reactive materials or in the presence of a catalyst. In this lesson, you will learn about several general categories of
organic reactions.