http://www.ck12.org Chapter 27. Glossary
27.9 I
ideal gas
An imaginary gas whose behavior perfectly fits all the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory.
ideal gas constant
The variable with the symbol R in the ideal gas equation; value is equal to 8.314 J/K•mol, 0.08206 L•atm/K•mol,
and 62.36 L•mmHg/K•mol.
ideal gas law
A single equation which relates the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of an ideal gas.
immiscible
A quality observed by liquids that are insoluble in one another.
independent variable
The experimental variable that is changed during an experiment.
indicator
A substance that has a distinctly different color when in an acidic or basic solution.
inhibitor
A molecule which interferes with the function of an enzyme, either slowing or stopping the chemical reaction.
inner transition element
An element from the lanthanides and actinides series.
inorganic chemistry
A branch of chemistry that is the study of chemicals that do not, in general, contain carbon.
intensive property
A property of matter that depends only on the type of matter in a sample and not on the amount.
intermediate
A species which appears in the mechanism of a reaction, but not in the overall balanced equation.
intermolecular forces
Attractive forces that occur between molecules.
International System of Units (SI)
A system of measurement based on the metric system and adopted by international agreement in 1960.
ion
An atom or group of bonded atoms that has a positive or negative charge.
ion-product of water (Kw)
The mathematical product of the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in an aqueous solution.
ionic bond
The electrostatic force that holds ions together in an ionic compound.
ionic compound
An electrically neutral compound consisting of positive and negative ions.
ionic equation
An equation in which dissolved ionic compounds are shown as free ions.
ionization energy
The energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
ionizing radiation
Radiation that has the required energy to knock electrons off the atoms of a bombarded substance, and produce
ions.
isoelectronic
An atom and an ion of a different atom, or two different ions, that have the same electron configuration.
isotopes