3.49. Solubility http://www.ck12.org
TABLE3.11:(continued)
Solute Grams of Solute that Will Dissolve in 0.5 L of Water
(20 °C)
Table salt 180
Table sugar 1000Q:How much salt do you think Rhonda added to the half-liter of water in her experiment?
A:The solubility of salt is 180 grams per half liter of water at 20 °C. If Rhonda had added less than 180 grams of
salt to the half-liter of water, then all of it would have dissolved. Because some of the salt did not dissolve, she must
have added more than 180 grams of salt to the water.
Factors That Affect Solubility
Certain factors can change the solubility of a solute. Temperature is one such factor. How temperature affects
solubility depends on the state of the solute, as you can see in theFigure3.94. You can learn more about temperature
and other factors that affect solubility at this URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IKimraU21ws.
FIGURE 3.94
- If a solute is a solid or liquid, increasing the temperature increases its solubility. For example, more sugar can
dissolve in hot water than in cold water. - If a solute is a gas, increasing the temperature decreases its solubility. For example, less carbon dioxide can
dissolve in warm water than in cold water.
The solubility of gases is also affected by pressure. Pressure is the force pushing against a given area. Increasing the
pressure on a gas increases its solubility. Did you ever open a can of soda and notice how it fizzes out of the can?
Soda contains dissolved carbon dioxide. Opening the can reduces the pressure on the gas in solution, so it is less
soluble. As a result, some of the carbon dioxide comes out of solution and rushes into the air.
Q:Which do you think will fizz more when you open it, a can of warm soda or a can of cold soda?