SAT Subject Test Chemistry,10 edition

FORMAL CHARGE The number of electrons officially assigned to an atom in a Lewis structure does not alway ...

Nitrogen is in group VA; thus it has 5 valence electrons. In NH 4 +, N has 4 bonds (i.e., 8 bonding electr ...

Resonance structures can differ only in the way the electrons are distributed; the arrangement of the actual atoms ...

EXCEPTIONS TO THE OCTET RULE AND LEWIS STRUCTURES As mentioned above, atoms found in or beyond the third p ...

Types of Covalent Bonding The nature of a covalent bond depends on the relative electronegativities of the at ...

QUICK QUIZ Match each of the following descriptions with the lettered types of bonds below. Answers: COOR ...

NH 3 donates a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond; thus, it acts as a Lewis ...

Geometry and Polarity of Covalent Molecules The Lewis structure is not necessarily a good pictorial represen ...

5 PCl 5 trigonal bipyramidal 90°,120°,180° 6 SF 6 octahedral 90°,180° While the number of electron pairs dictates th ...

Solution: The Lewis structure of CO 2 is O=C=O, with two extra lone pairs of electrons on each oxygen ...

However, if the orientation of the bond dipoles is such that they do not cancel out, the molecules will ...

Orbital Hybridization So far we have ignored the fact that the valence electrons that interact originally ...

sp^2 HYBRIDIZATION Three sp^2 hybrid orbitals are formed by mixing an s and two p orbitals. Again, three ...

Sigma and Pi Bonds Going back to the example of BeH 2 , one envisions an sp hybridized orbital overlapping with ...

form a weaker π bond. It is weaker because the overlap is not end-to-end but only side-to-side. You can see ...

Ionic Compounds Covalent Bonds Bond Length Bond Energy Lewis Structures Formal Charge Resonance Structures Excep ...

Review Questions 1 . Consider the following reaction: H 2 (g) + F 2 (g) → 2 HF (g) Is the H—F bond mo ...

III. IV. (B) N 2 I. II. III. IV. (C) [ClO 4 ]– I. II. III. ...

IV. 5 . Which is not a resonance form of: (A) I. II. III. (B) I. II. ...

III. 6 . Label formal charges and predict which is the most likely resonance structure for N 2 O: (A) (B) (C) (D) ...