Answers and Explanations

PRACTICE TEST 1

1. Part A

1 . B

An  Arrhenius   acid    produces    H+  in  solution.

2 . D

A   Brønsted-Lowry  base    accepts protons.    For example,    NH 3    and Cl– are both    Brønsted-Lowry

bases   because they    will    accept  protons in  solution.   They    are not Arrhenius   bases   because they

don’t   make    OH– in  solution.

3 . E

A   Lewis   base    is  an  electron    pair    donor.

4 . C

A   Lewis   acid    is  an  electron    pair    acceptor:   for example,    BCl 3   and AlCl 3.

5 . A

A   Brønsted-Lowry  acid    is  a   species that    can donate  protons (H+)    (for    example,    HCl).   Brønsted-

Lowry   acids   and bases   always  occur   in  pairs,  called  conjugates; for example,    H 3 O+  is  an

conjugate   acid    of  the base    H 2 O.

6 . E

Dalton’s    law states  that    the sum of  the partial pressures   of  the components  of  a   gaseous

mixture must    equal   the total   pressure    of  the sample.

7 . A

Boyle’s law states  that    at  constant    temperature,    the volume  of  a   gaseous sample  is  inversely