An element with the atomic number of 16 will have 16 protons and electrons in a neutral
atom. The anion with −2 charge is formed upon the addition of 2 more electrons.104 . F, T
Chlorine is a better oxidizing agent because it has a greater electronegativity, which is the
ability to attract electrons. Remember that as you go up and from left to right on the periodic
table, electronegativity increases. Bromine has a larger atomic radius than chlorine. Also
remember that as you go from right to left and down on the periodic table, atomic radius
increases.
105 . F, F
Exothermic reactions have a negative ∆H and give off heat to their surroundings as the
reaction progresses.
106 . T, T, CE
An element such as Fe is a substance in which all atoms have the same atomic number. It
cannot be broken down by chemical reactions into anything that is more stable or simpler.
107 . T, T, CE
CCl 4 is a nonpolar covalent bond. CCl 4 has four polar C–Cl bonds so that the shape is
tetrahedral. The four bond dipoles point to the vertices of the tetrahedron and cancel each
other out, resulting in a nonpolar molecule.
108 . F, T
A basic solution has more OH− ions than H+ ions, but pH is defined as −log[H+]. pOH is −log[OH
−].
109 . F, F
Atomic radii increase down a group because the valence electrons are farther from the nucleus
and are able to resist the positive charge of the protons, which results in a larger atom.110 . F, T
V 1 /T 1 = V 2 /T 2 . In an ideal gas, temperature and volume are proportional, so when a gas is
cooled, the volume decreases.
111 . T, T, CE