The energy required to break a nucleus apart into its constituent neutrons and protons.
Bohr model
The model of the hydrogen atom postulating that atoms are composed of electrons that assume
certain circular orbits about a positive nucleus.
Boiling point
The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the surrounding pressure. The
normal boiling point of any liquid is defined as temperature at which its vapor pressure is 1
atmosphere.
Boiling-point elevation
The amount by which a given quantity of solute raises the boiling point of a liquid; a colligative
property.
Bond energy
The energy (enthalpy change) required to break a particular bond under given conditions.
Boyle’s law
The law stating that at constant temperature, the volume of a gaseous sample is inversely
proportional to its pressure.
Brønsted-Lowry acid
Proton donor, e.g., H 3 PO 4.
Brønsted-Lowry base
Proton acceptor, e.g., OH–.
Buffer