Molecular formula
A formula showing the actual number and identity of all atoms in each molecule of a compound.
Molecular weight
The sum of the atomic weights of all the atoms in a molecule.
Molecule
The smallest polyatomic unit of an element or compound that exists with distinct chemical and
physical properties.
Monoprotic acid
An acid that can donate only one proton, e.g., HNO 3 . The molarity of a monoprotic acid solution is
equal to its normality.
Monosaccharides
Simple sugars that cannot be hydrolyzed to simpler compounds.
Net ionic equation
A reaction equation showing only the species actually participating in the reaction.
Nucleon
A particle found in the nucleus of an atom; can be either a neutron or a proton.
Neutralization reaction
A reaction between an acid and base in which H+ ions and OH– ions combine to produce water and a
salt solution.
Neutral solution