careers began with contributing to this magazine. Several quality magazines, published
at the turn of the century, died after the Second World War because of the invasion of
American and French comics. In 1977, the literary magazine To Rodi [The Pomegranate]
(9–13) was started. It died in 1982 but was started again in 1993. Another magazine
that started in 1979, gave up in 1983, and started again in 1990, is Synergasia [Co-
operation] (9– 13). It promotes Greek children’s literature and an awareness of the
environment.
IcelandThe Icelandic magazine Aeskan [Youth] (6–15) has been published continuously since
- It promotes education and a healthy lifestyle. ABC (6–15) is a general-interest
magazine and includes children’s contributions and letters.
ItalyII Giornalino [The Little Journal] (7–14), a general-interest magazine, was created in 1924.
Giovani Amici [Young Friends], founded in 1934, features fairy tales, stories, and games,
and has children’s letters and contributions. Both La Rana [The Frog] (6–13) and Panda
(published by the World Wildlife Federation) concentrate on nature and environmental
issues. Primavera [Spring], for teens, tries to help young people understand current
events, each others’ feelings, their professional development, and use of free time. The
European Language Institute (ELI) publishes specific magazines for students learning
English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Russian and Latin, in four levels of
difficulty. The same institute publishes Cronos, a history magazine. A new Italian general-
interest magazine is Peter Pan (8–14).
LithuaniaGenys [Woodpecker] (6–12) and Zvaigzdute [Little Star] are general-interest magazines.
Magazines published after 1991 are Aha and Zaliasis Laikrastis [Green Magazine] (8–12),
which emphasises nature and the environment. Three new magazines began publication
in 1994: Naminukas, Penvi [Five], Vaikai Vanagai [Children-Hawks] (6–12). All of them
are general-interest magazines.
MaltaThere are two general-interest magazines in Malta: Taghna T-tfal [Children’s Own] (5–
10), written in Maltese; and Young Falcon (7–13), which is the only English-language
magazine in Malta.
The NetherlandsIn Holland, just as in many other countries in Europe, many children’s magazines
flourished in the 1800s. At the turn of the century, every denomination had its own
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