Ancient Literacies

(Marvins-Underground-K-12) #1

scribe B1 (nos. 25, 26).^56 Work of at least four of these scribes is known


from other archaeological contexts as well,^57 indicating that they worked


not just for this book collector, but for a number of collectors. All of this is


consistent with the picture of books produced by trained copyists as


outlined above, although this evidence does not allow us to rule out


other scenarios, such as purchase of some items at auction or from used-


book dealers.^58 In any case, this collection does not seem to have been


created by reliance upon any one copyist; rather, the owner(s) patronized a


series of copyists.



  1. Personalities of the collections. We saw above that the lists of books in


papyri (table 10.1) allow us to assess the contents and organization of book


collections, and to learn something of the interests of their owners. The


concentrations of literary works enable us to push even further in this


direction, for here we have the manuscripts themselves, and we can see


what types of literature each collector favored, and how he treated and


worked with his volumes.
59
I will make a few quick observations about


some of the concentrations, and we will then study Grenfell and Hunt’s


second find (table 10.3) in more detail. One important preliminary note:
I will often, for convenience, refer to ‘‘the collector,’’ as though only one


person owned each set of books. It should be understood, though, that any


given set of books might have been, and probably was, owned by a succes-


sion of collectors, with additions and deletions occurring over time. We will


discuss precisely this matter below, under point 5, ‘‘life of the collection.’’


The Villa of the Papyri at Herculaneum (table 10.2, no. 1) is, of course,


the most obvious and complete example of a private library in which the


collector’s interests are made clear by the identity of the books. Even if


the Villa possessed general collections of Greek and Latin literature,^60 it is


very clear that philosophy, and in particular Epicurean philosophy, was of


great interest to the Villa’s book collector(s), and continued to be so for



  1. The manuscripts assigned to various scribes are conveniently set out in Johnson
    2004, 61 5, drawing on and expanding Kru ̈ger 1990, 193 5. I say that there were several
    additional scribes at work because other manuscripts in the collection are dated in the same
    period but not (yet) assigned to any particular scribe. These are nos. 3, 6, 22, and 29 (all lyric
    poetry, and probably professionally produced), 27 (Sophocles), 21, 24, and 32.

  2. These are A5, A11, A20, and A32. See Johnson 2004, 61 5, for lists of all their
    known manuscripts. B1, too, may have done other work, in prose: Turner 1971, 66 (noted by
    Johnson 2004, 64,adscribe B1).

  3. It is also possible that the book collector owned one or more of the scribes (who
    might be slaves), and that the slave scribe produced books both for his own master and to be
    sold to others. We cannot know the exact mechanisms.

  4. The concentrations do not, of course, give us any information about the organization
    or physical arrangement of the collections.

  5. The suggestion that a great villa such as this must have had general collections of
    Greek and Latin classics in addition to its philosophical collection has been made frequently,
    but is quite uncertain. See, for discussion of the matter and some bibliography, Johnson
    2006, 496.


256 Institutions and Communities

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