America, from the Nationto the Saturday Review of
Literaturein which Calverton’s name did not ap-
pear as a contributor or reviewer” (Abbott, 1), At
the time of his death, he had just completed Where
Angels Fear to Tread,a book-length study of Ameri-
can communist colonies and was in fact “at work
on the preface until a few minutes before his
death” (New York Times,21 November, 1940, 29).
Bibliography
“V. F. Calverton, 40, Author and Editor.” New York
Times,21 November 1940, 29.
Abbott, Phillip. Leftward Ho! V. F. Calverton and Amer-
ican Radicalism. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood
Press, 1993.
Calverton, V. F. Anthology of American Negro Literature.
New York: The Modern Library, 1929.
Genizi, Haim “V. F. Calverton, a Radical Magazinist for
Black Intellectuals, 1920–1940,” Journal of Negro
History57, no. 3 (July 1972): 241–253.
Kramer, Victor A., and Robert Russ, eds. The Harlem Re-
naissance Re-Examined.Troy, N.Y.: Whitson Pub.,
1997.
Schuyler, George. Black No More: Being an Account of the
Strange and Wonderful Working of Science in the Land.
1930, reprint, New York: Random House, 1999.
Calvin, Floyd Joseph(1902–1939)
An Arkansas native who became the associate edi-
tor of The MESSENGER and the PITTSBURGH
COURIER’s New York City editor.
Campbell, Hazel Vivian (fl. 1935)
The elusive author of two memorable stories pub-
lished in OPPORTUNITY.In “Part of the Pack: An-
other View of Night Life in Harlem,” which
appeared in August 1935, and “The Parasites,”
which appeared in September 1936, Campbell gen-
erated alternate views of the glittering, bustling
world of HARLEM. She addressed African-Ameri-
can economic realities, the sobering implications of
welfare, and the fragility of self-determination. In
“Part of the Pack,” she meditated on married life
and economic survival during the Great Depres-
sion. She maintained her focus on the bleak reality
facing so many African Americans during that pe-
riod in “The Parasites.” That story was even more
disturbing than her first. It suggested that welfare
could in fact induce a shameless malaise, a condi-
tion that invalidated racial uplift ideology at the
heart of the Renaissance. Campbell disappeared
from print following the publication of her 1936
story.Campbell, T. Bowyer(1887–1976)
A white Virginia-born author, Episcopalian min-
ister, and history professor who was motivated to
write fiction because of the literary endeavors of
his siblings. A graduate of the College of William
and Mary, Campbell went on to attend the
Alexandria Seminary in Virginia. He traveled to
Shanghai immediately following his graduation
but was disenchanted by the limitations of his
opportunities to serve as a missionary. Campbell
was one of several white authors to take up race-
related themes during the Harlem Renaissance,
but his work did not garner much praise or criti-
cal attention.
Campbell had a love of writing that prompted
him to write creative pieces as an undergraduate.
He completed at least one play that his collegiate
drama club performed, and he also completed
what he described as a “sentimental novel shot
through with a religious thread” but destroyed the
manuscript rather than submit it to a publisher
for consideration (Campbell, 1). He began writing
regularly when he returned to the United States
to begin a novitiate in the Catholic Church.
Campbell blended his love of writing with his
faith and published book reviews and religious ar-
ticles in the Episcopal American Church Monthly.
In 1930 he joined the faculty at Notre Dame and
taught history there for nearly two decades. He
later became a professor at St. Bede College in
Illinois.
Black Sadie,which Campbell began writing in
1927, was a book that Houghton Mifflin hastened
to place under contract before Campbell had even
completed the majority of the writing. Campbell
describes the work as “a story of Colored people in
three social and economic brackets: in Virginia
some two decades after the emancipation, in the
north as house servants with higher wages, and
lastly entering into professional and creative work.”
Nella Larsen reviewed the book for Opportunityand72 Calvin, Floyd Joseph