Eugene O’Neill’s play ALL GOD’SCHILLUN GOT
WINGSand Wallace Thurman’s THEBLACKER THE
BERRY.Carter’s literary pursuits diminished as she im-
mersed herself in her burgeoning legal career, which
continued to thrive in the years following the Harlem
Renaissance.
Bibliography
“Four Women Get Honors at Smith.” New York Times,
21 June 1938, 15.
Carver, George Washington(ca. 1861–1943)
A 1922 SPINGARNMEDALwinner, this former slave,
who was raised by his owner after his enslaved
mother was abducted by slave traders, went on to
become a horticultural and agricultural genius. He
earned degrees from Iowa State College before join-
ing the faculty at TUSKEGEEINSTITUTE. He was rec-
ognized for the stunning number of inventions he
developed during his research on the peanut and the
sweet potato. He used his research to help southern
sharecroppers and farmers to replenish their fields,
diversify their crops, and harvest larger yields.
Bibliography
Adair, Gene. George Washington Carver.Philadelphia:
Chelsea House, 1988.
Bontemps, Arna. The Story of George Washington Carver.
Evanston, Ill.: Row, Peterson, 1954.
Holt, Rackham. George Washington Carver; An American
Biography.Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1963.
Nelson, Marilyn. Carver: A Life in Poems.Asheville,
N.C.: Front Street, 2001.
Casey, Patrick
One of two pseudonyms that the writer, editor, and
playwright WALLACETHURMAN used during his
career.
“Caucasian Storms Harlem, The”
Rudolph Fisher(1927)
An autobiographical essay by RUDOLPHFISHER,a
brilliant Brown University honor student and
roentgenology physician. Fisher, who managed to
write and publish while enduring the rigors of
medical school at COLUMBIAUNIVERSITYCollege
of Physicians and Surgeons, reminisced about his
Harlem experiences and encounters with artists
and writers of the day. His essay provided a cul-
tural and social blueprint of Harlem in its heyday.CaughtEloise Bibb Thompson(1920)
A play written by ELOISE ALBERTA VERONICA
BIBBTHOMPSONand staged by the Playcrafters at
the Gamut Club.Caution-Davis, Ethel(1880–1981)
A 1912 graduate of Wellesley College, active mem-
ber of the NAACP, and poet whose works appeared
in a number of central Harlem Renaissance publi-
cations, including THE CRISIS,THE BROWNIES’
BOOK,and in 1926, the highly regarded ANTHOL-
OGY OF MAGAZINE VERSE, edited by WILLIAM
STANLEYBRAITHWAITE. Critics Lorraine Roses and
Ruth Randolph note that while she refrained from
large-scale considerations of race matters, Caution-
Davis did not eliminate such issues from her work.Bibliography
Roses, Lorraine Elena, and Ruth Elizabeth Randolph.
Harlem Renaissance and Beyond: Literary Biographies
of 100 Black Women Writers, 1900–1945.Boston: G.
K. Hall & Co., 1990.Century, The
A quarterly journal edited by CARLVANDOREN
and published in New York between July 1913 and
August 1929. W. E. B. DUBOISregarded this maga-
zine as one that African Americans should disre-
gard because of the discernible prejudice it had
toward the race.Century Magazine
The continuation of THECENTURY,a New York–
based periodical edited by CARLVANDOREN.Challengenewspaper
A militant newspaper, first published in 1916, that
provided HARLEMreaders and writers with espe-
cially outspoken evaluations of contemporary polit-
ical, cultural, and social issues.Challenge 77