546 THE GREEK SAGAS: GREEK LOCAL LEGENDS
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
Brommer, Frank. Heracles: The Twelve Labors of the Hero in Ancient Art and Literature. Trans-
lated by Shirley Schwartz. New Rochelle: Caratzas, 1986.
Galinsky, C. Karl. The Herakles Theme: The Adaptation of the Hero in Literature from Homer
to the Twentieth Century. Oxford: Blackwell, 1972.NOTES- The Greek form of his name, which means "glory of Hera," is used here. Its Latin
form is Hercules. He is also called Alcides (i.e., descendant of Alcaeus) and some-
times Amphitryoniades (i.e., son of Amphitryon). - Licymnius, surviving son of Electryon, was later killed by a son of Heracles.
- According to Apollodorus, Amphitryon was helped by Creon after ridding Thebes
of a monstrous fox with the aid of Cephalus and his magic hound (see pp. 551-552). - Eileithyia sat outside Alcmena's door with her hands clasped around her knees in a
gesture of sympathetic magic. Alcmena's servant Galanthis broke the spell by rush-
ing out crying, "My mistress has borne a son!" Eileithyia leaped up and unclasped
her hands, and the birth took place. She punished Galanthis by turning her into a
weasel. - Eurytus was grandson of Apollo and king of the Euboean city of Oechalia. See p. 536
for his death at the hands of Heracles. - The Cattle of Geryon, the Apples of the Hesperides, and Cerberus.
- Although female, the hind is always shown with horns. Euripides makes the hind
destructive, and some authors call it the Cerynitian hind, from the Achaean river
Cerynites. - Atlas was the name of a mountain in Arcadia as well as of the more famous range
in North Africa. - The hind is shown beside the tree of the Hesperides in a vase painting.
- Parerga are adventures incidental to the labors.
- Pausanias attributes the founding of the games to "Heracles the Dactyl," an atten-
dant of the great Cretan goddess. He had nothing to do with the Greek hero Hera-
cles. - The attributes of the birds vary with the imagination of individual authors. See D'Arcy
W. Thompson, Glossary of Greek Birds, 2d ed. (New York: Oxford University Press,
1936), p. 273. The birds are later encountered by the Argonauts on the Island of Ares
(see p. 578). - The killing of Cacus is one of the parerga to this labor. It is told by Vergil (see pp.
631-632). - The Agathyrsi and Geloni were tribes to the north of Scythia, which was the area be-
tween the Danube and the Don. - His name means "the house of Osiris." Herodotus points out that the Egyptians did
not practice human sacrifice. - In another version Zeus throws a thunderbolt between Cycnus and Heracles.
- Vergil describes this in the sixth Eclogue (6. 44): ut litus Hyla, Hyla omne sonaret.
- There are many variants of the legend of Telephus, about whom both Sophocles and
Euripides wrote tragedies.