728 THE SURVIVAL OF CLASSICAL MYTHOLOGY
position of the Odyssey. Solo roles are sung in English, choral episodes
are in Greek, and the score is strongly influenced by Greek folk music.- Betsy Jolas (b. 1926), Le Cyclope (1986), after Euripides, Cyclops, and Schlie-
mann (1969). Libretto based upon the play by Bruno Bayen. The charac-
ter of Heinrich Schliemann is illuminated through the fantasy of the full-
fillment of a childhood dream; at age forty-seven he leaves New York to
discover ancient Greece and marry Helen of Troy. - Margaret Garwood (b. 1927), The Trojan Women (1967, rev. 1979). Libretto
by H. A. Wiley, after Euripides. - Eleanor Everest Freer (1864-1942), The Masque of Pandora (1928). Libretto
by the composer, after Longfellow. - Isadora Freed (1900-1960), Pygmalion, symphonic rhapsody (1926).
- Vivian Fine (1913-), Paean (1979), for tenor-narrator, brass ensemble, fe-
male chorus. A dramatic cantata presenting lines from Keats' "Ode to
Apollo"; Song of Persephone (1964), for solo viola; and The Confession (1963),
for voice, flute (alto flute), violin, viola, cello, and piano. Inspired by
Racine's Phaedra, there is speaking as well as singing in this piece.
Some important treatments of Sophocles, in addition to the works of Carter
and Thompson mentioned earlier, include the following: - Frederic Rzewski (b. 1938), Antigone-Legend (1982). The text is a poem by
Bertholt Brecht (189 lines in dactylic hexameter), written in 1947 when he
was adapting Hôlderlin's translation of Sophocles' Antigone for the stage. - Seymour Shifrin (1926-1979), Cantata to the Text of Sophoclean Choruses
(1957). The choruses (for mixed chorus and full orchestra) are Lament for
Oedipus, "What can the shadow-like generations of man attain" (from
King Oedipus, translated by W. B. Yeats); Ode, "Love, unconquerable,
Paean, God of many names,/ O Iacchos"; and Ode II, "I have seen this
gathering sorrow from time long past" (from Antigone, translated by Dud-
ley Fitts and Robert Fitzgerald). - Tobias Picker (b. 1954), Emmeline (1996). Based on the novel by Judith
Rossner, a powerful retelling of the Oedipus legend set in the eastern
United States in the mid-nineteenth century.
The following are works based on the legend of Medea: - Alva Henderson (b. 1940), Medea (1972). Henderson also wrote the libretto,
after Robinson Jeffers' adaptation of Euripides. - Jonathan Elkus (b. 1931), Medea (1963). Libretto by the composer, after
Euripides. - Benjamin Lees (b. 1924), Medea in Corinth (1970). Libretto by Robinson Jef-
fers, after Euripides. This opera was broadcast by CBS television, May 26,
1974, starring Rosalind Elias.