A27
The Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires in the 16th and 17th Centuries
50 ° 60 ° 70 ° 80 °
0 °
10 °
20 °
30 °
40 °
50 °
40 °
40 ° 50 ° 60 ° 70 ° 80 °
GONDWANA
SIND
1591
BERAR
1596
KASHMIR
1586
Eu
phra
tes
Tig
ris
Do
n
Vol
ga
Ural
Ind
us
SyrD
arya
(Ja
xar
tes)
Amu
Dar
ya
(Ox
us)
C
as
p
ia
n
S
ea
Aral
Sea
Gulf of Aden
Arabian
Sea
Gulf of
Oman
INDIAN
R
ed
S
ea
Pe
rs
ia
n
Gu
lf
Bay of
Bengal
INDIAN
OCEAN
Ceylon(Sri Lanka)
MUSCOVY
Don-Volga
Canal Project 1569
Chaldiran 1514
Jam
1528
Harat 1510
Ghujduvan 1512
Panipat
1526, 1556
1538
Marj Dabiq 1516
Bashkent 1473 ̨
Tiflis
Medina
Mecca
Hurmuz
Basra
1546
Baghdad
1534
Tabriz
1501
Qum 1503
Isfahan
1503
Shiraz
1504
Yazd
1504
Kabul
Qandahar
Multan
Marv
Balkh
Bukhara
Samarqand
Aleppo
1516
Damascus
1516
Mashhad
Trabzon
1461
Erivan
Darband
Ardabil 1501
Hamadan
1503
Astarabad
Kashan
1503
Kirman
1504
Masqat
Lahore
Kelat
1595
Delhi
Cambay
1572
Agra
Kannauj
1540
Lucknow
Chavsa
1539
Jaunpur Patna
Chanderi
1572
Diu
Jodhpur
Fatihpur Sikri
Surat
Daman
Ahmadnagar
1598
Bijapur
1686
Ramgir
1687
Bidar
Golconda
1687
Goa
Mangalore
Cochin
Colombo
Kirmanshah
1503
Qazvin
Azov
Rissa
Bandar
‘Abbas
Urganch
Mosul
1516
N