xxvii
Primary and Secondary Sources
Chapter 1
Mary Leakey,quoted in National Geographic, 7
Richard E. Leakey,The Making of Mankind, 9
Robert Braidwood,quoted in Scientific American, 16
Richard E. Leakey,The Making of Mankind, 25
Chapter 2
Code of Hammurabi, (trans. L. W. King), 33
Herodotus,The History of Herodotus, 38
Duke of Shao, quoted in The Chinese Heritage, 54
“Hymn to the Nile,” from Ancient Near Eastern Texts, 57
Chapter 3
Krishna, speaking in the Mahabharata, 65
Svetasvatara Upanishad. IV. 3–4, 67
Buddha, from Samyutta Nikaya, 69
Herodotus, in History, Book IV (5th century B.C.), 74
Genesis 12:1–2, 77
Deuteronomy 5:6–22, 79
From The Torah, 83
From The Epic of Gilgamesh, 83
From The Fish Incarnation of Vishnu, 83
1 Samuel 8:4–8, 85
Chapter 4
Piankhi, monument in Cairo Museum, 93
Nahum 3:7, 3:18, 97
Ezra 1:2–3, 100
Confucius, Analects, 2.7, 105
Laozi, Dao De Ching, Passage 37, 106
Confucius, Analects, 2.3, 111
Chapter 5
Pericles, an Athenian statesman, 122
Edith Hamilton, “Theseus,” Mythology, 122
Thucydides, a historian, 122
Homer, Iliad (tr. Ian Johnston), 126
Xenophon, The Economist, Book 10 (tr. H. G. Dakyns), 129
Pericles, “The Funeral Oration,” from The Peloponnesian
War, from Thucydides, 135
Plutarch, Parallel Lives: Marcellus, 148
Aristotle, Politics, 151
Chapter 6
Livy, The Early History of Rome, 155
Tiberius Gracchus, quoted in Plutarch,
The Lives of Noble Greeks and Romans, 160
Luke, 6:27–31, 169
St. Augustine, The City of God, 172
Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of
the Roman Empire, 177
Arther Ferrill, The Fall of the Roman Empire, 177
Finley Hooper, Roman Realities, 177
St. Jerome, quoted in Rome:
A Profile of a City, 312–1308, 177
Virgil, Aeneid, 179
Tacitus, Annals, 181
Decree from the Roman Province of Asia, 185
Chapter 7
Megasthenes, in Geography by Strabo, 190
Quote from The Wonder That Was India, 194
Sima Qian, Records of the Grand Historian, 202
Ban Gu and Ban Zhao in History of the Former
Han Dynasty, 204
Asoka, in A History of Modern India, 209
Chapter 8
Djeli Mamoudou Kouyate, from Sundiata,
an Epic of Old Mali, 216
Cosmas, quoted in Travellers in Ethiopia, 226
King Ezana of Aksum, quoted in Africa: Past and Present, 226
From Travellers in Ethiopia, 231
Chapter 9
Thomas Canby, “The Search for the First Americans,” National
Geographic, 236
Walter Alva, “Richest Unlooted Tomb of a Moche Lord,” National
Geographic, 249
Brian Fagan, quoted in The Peru Reader, 251Chapter 10
Qur’an sura 96:1–5, 265
Khalid Ibn al-Walid, quoted in Early Islam, 270
Muhammad, quoted in The Sayings of Muhammad, 274
Ikhwan As-Safa, quoted in The World of Islam, 279
Abd Al-Latif, quoted in A History of the Arab Peoples, 281World Religions and Ethical Systems
Dhammapada 365, 285
Acts 16:30–31, 287
From the Rig Veda 1.125.5, 289
Qur’an sura 31:20, 291
Deuteronomy 6:4, 293
Confucius, Analects 1.16, 295
Karen Armstrong,A History of God, 297Chapter 11
Theodora, quoted by Procopius in History of the Wars, 303
Saint Basil, quoted in The Letters, 304
From The Primary Chronicle, 308
From Medieval Russia, 310
Jalaludin Rumi, from Unseen Rain, 315
Wassaf, quoted in The Mongol Empire, 317
Zenkovsky, Medieval Russia’s Epics, Chronicles, and Tales, 319Chapter 12
Tu Fu,“Moonlight Night,” 326
Marco Polo, The Travels of Marco Polo, 337
Sung Lien, quoted in The Essence of Chinese Civilization, 349Chapter 13
Einhard, Life of Charlemagne, 356
William Langland,Piers Plowman, 363
From The Song of Roland, 367
From Women in Medieval Times, 368
Pope Gregory,cited in Basic Documents in Medieval History, 372
Geoffrey Chaucer,The Canterbury Tales, 375Chapter 14
Emperor Alexius Comnenus, quoted in The Dream and
the Tomb by Robert Payne, 382
Pope Urban II,quoted in World Civilizations–Sources,
Images, and Interpretations, 386
William of Tyre,quoted in The Medieval Reader, 386
Saladin,quoted in The Dream and the Tomb, 386
The Magna Carta, 395
Giovanni Boccaccio, The Decameron, 399
Edward I of England, from a letter, 405PRIMARY SOURCE
The same moon is above Fuzhou tonight;
From the open window she will be watching it alone,
The poor children are too little to be able to
remember Ch’ang-an.
Her perfumed hair will be dampened by the dew, the
air may be too chilly on her delicate arms.
When can we both lean by the wind-blown curtains
and see the tears dry on each other’s face?
TU FU,“Moonlight Night”