190 l/-92 to l/-94
follow, he will nevertheless be forced to. The same thing happens in the
case of men. Even if they do not want to follow, they will nevertheless
be forced to go along with what has been destined.
Diogenianus in Eusebius Prep. Ev. 6.8,
265d-266d (SVF 2.998)
[11-93]So in book one of his [Chrysippus'] On Fate he used proofs of this
nature, and in book two he tries to resolve the absurdities which seem
to follow on the thesis that all things are necessitated, which we listed
at the beginning: for example, the destruction of our own initiative
concerning criticism and praise and encouragement and everything which
seems to happen by our own agency.
So, in book two he says that it is obvious that many things occur by
our own initiative, but nonetheless these are co-fated with the administra-
tion of the universe. And he uses illustrations like these.
The non-destruction of one's coat, he says, is not fated simply, but
co-fated with its being taken care of, and someone's being saved from
his enemies is co-fated with his fleeing those enemies; and having children
is co-fated with being willing to lie with a woman. For just as if, he says,
someone says that Hegesarchus the boxer will leave the ring completely
untouched, it would be strange for him to think that Hegesarchus should
fight with his fists down because it was fated that he should get off
untouched (the man who made the assertion saying this because of the
fellow's extraordinary protection from being punched), so too the same
thing holds in other cases. For many things cannot occur without our
being willing and indeed contributing a most strenuous eagerness and
zeal for these things, since, he says, it was fated for these things to occur
in conjunction with this personal effort .... But it will be in our power,
he says, with what is in our power being included in fate.
Ethics
Diogenes Laertius 7.84-131 [11-94]
- They divide the ethical part of philosophy into these topics: on
impulse, on good and bad things, on passions, on virtue, on the goal, on
primary value, on actions, on appropriate actions, on encouragements
and discouragements to actions. This is the subdivision given by the
followers of Chrysippus, Archedemus, Zeno of Tarsus, Apollodorus,