( 222 ) Notes to pages 41–45
- Ian F. Haney López, White by Law: The Legal Construction of Race, 10th anniversary rev.
ed. (New York: New York University Press, 2006; orig. ed. 1996).
- Lindsay G. Robertson, Conquest by Law: How the Discovery of America Dispossessed
Indigenous Peoples of Their Lands (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), pp. x, 4.
- Leon F. Litwack, Trouble in Mind: Black Southerners in the Age of Jim Crow
(New York: Knopf, 1998).
- Desmond King, Separate and Unequal: African Americans and the U.S. Federal Government,
rev. ed. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2007; orig. ed. 1995).
- Cited in King, Separate and Unequal, p. 4.
- King, Separate and Unequal, p. 6.
- Eduardo Bonilla- Silva, Racism without Racists: Color- Blind Racism and the Persistence of
Racial Inequality in the United States, 4th ed. (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2013;
orig. ed. 2003).
- Gary Orfield and Susan E. Eaton, Dismantling Desegregation: The Quiet Reversal of Brown
v. Board of Education (New York: New Press, 1997); Jonathan Kozol, The Shame of the
Nation: The Restoration of Apartheid Schooling in America (New York: Crown, 2005).
- Douglas S. Massey and Nancy A. Denton, American Apartheid: Segregation and the Masking
of the Underclass (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993); Douglas S. Massey,
Categorically Unequal: The American Stratification System (New York: Sage, 2007).
- Michelle Alexander, The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness
(New York: New Press, 2010).
- National Criminal Justice Reference Service, NCJ 245032: “Report of the Sentencing
Project to the United Nations Human Rights Committee Regarding Racial Disparities
in the United States Criminal Justice System” (August 2013), p. 1. The report is available
online as a PDF.
- Derrick Bell, Faces at the Bottom of the Well: The Permanence of Racism (New York: Basic
Books, 1992).
- Philip A. Klinkner and Rogers M. Smith, The Unsteady March: The Rise and Decline of
Racial Equality in America (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999).
- Dawson, Black Visions, p. 14. The very titles of works by black political philosophers show
the centrality of race to their normative thinking: Bernard R. Boxill, Blacks and Social
Justice, rev. ed. (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 1992; orig. ed. 1984); Howard
Mc Ga r y, Race and Social Justice (Malden, MA: Blackwell, 1999); Lucius T. Outlaw Jr.,
Critical Social Theory in the Interests of Black Folks (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield,
2005); Tommie Shelby, We Who Are Dark: Philosophical Foundations of Black Solidarity
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005).
- Stanley Cohen, States of Denial: Knowing about Atrocities and Suffering (Malden,
MA: Polity, 2001), p. 45.
- Rogers A. Smith, Civic Ideals: Conflicting Visions of Citizenship in U.S. History (New Haven,
CT: Yale University Press, 1997).
- Alexander Saxton, The Rise and Fall of the White Republic: Class Politics and Mass Culture
in Nineteenth Century America (New York: Verso, 2003; orig. ed. 1990); Fredrickson,
White Supremacy; Desmond S. King and Rogers M. Smith, “Racial Orders in American
Political Development,” American Political Science Review 99, no. 1 (February 2005): 75–
92; Charles W. Mills, “The Racial Polity,” in Mills, Blackness Visible: Essays on Philosophy
and Race (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998). Note, however, that in King and
Smith’s more recent Still a House Divided: Race and Politics in Obama’s America (Princeton,
NJ: Princeton University Press, 2011), they distance themselves from their previous posi-
tion, writing “In place of relying on notions of a unitary American ‘racial state’ or ‘racial
order,’ we employ our novel concept of rival ‘racial policy alliances’ ” (p. 17).
- Rawls, Theory; Nozick, Anarchy, State.
- The book jacket of the new edition of Anarchy, State boasts that it has been translated into
a hundred languages.
- Charles W. Mills, “Racial Exploitation and the Wages of Whiteness,” in Maria Krysan and
Amanda E. Lewis, eds., The Changing Terrain of Race and Ethnicity (New York: Russell
Sage, 2004), reprinted as ch. 7 of this book.
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