CHAPTER TEn • THE PREsidEnCy 245
advice and consent 229
appointment power 227
cabinet 238
chief diplomat 229
chief executive 227
chief legislator 230
chief of staff 240
civil service 227
commander in chief 228
constitutional
power 235
diplomatic
recognition 229emergency power 235
executive
agreement 230
Executive Office of the
President (EOP) 239
executive order 236
executive privilege 236
expressed power 235
Federal Register 236
head of state 226
impeachment 237
inherent power 235
kitchen cabinet 239line-item veto 232
National Security
Council (NSC) 241
Office of Management
and Budget
(OMB) 241
pardon 227
patronage 232
pocket veto 232
reprieve 227
signing statement 237
State of the Union
message 231statutory power 235
Twelfth Amendment 226
Twenty-fifth
Amendment 242
veto message 231
War Powers
Resolution 228
White House Office 240keyterms
chaptersummary
1 The office of the presidency in the United States,
combining as it does the functions of chief of state
and chief executive into a single elected official,
was unique at the time of its creation. The framers
of the Constitution were divided over whether the
president should be a weak or a strong executive.
2 The requirements for the office of the
presidency are outlined in Article II, Section 1,
of the Constitution. The president’s roles include
both formal and informal duties. The roles of the
president include head of state, chief executive,
commander in chief, chief diplomat, chief legislator,
party chief, and politician.
3 As head of state, the president is ceremonial
leader of the government. As chief executive, the
president is bound to enforce the acts of Congress,
the judgments of the federal courts, and treaties.
The chief executive has the power of appointment
and the power to grant reprieves and pardons.
4 As commander in chief, the president is the
ultimate decision maker in military matters. As
chief diplomat, the president recognizes foreign
governments, negotiates treaties, signs agreements,
and nominates and receives ambassadors.
5 The role of chief legislator includes recommend-
ing legislation to Congress, lobbying for the
legislation, approving laws, and exercising the
veto power. Presidents are also leaders of theirpolitical parties and politicians. Presidents rely on
their personal popularity to help them fulfill these
functions.
6 In addition to constitutional and inherent
powers, the president has statutory powers written
into law by Congress. Presidents also have a variety
of special powers not available to other branches
of the government. These include emergency
powers and the power to issue executive orders,
to invoke executive privilege, and to issue signing
statements.
7 Abuses of executive power are dealt with by
Articles I and II of the Constitution, which authorize
the House and Senate to impeach and remove the
president, vice president, or other officers of the
federal government for committing “Treason,
Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.”
8 The president receives assistance from the
cabinet and from the Executive Office of the
President (including the White House Office).
9 The vice president is the constitutional officer
assigned to preside over the Senate and to assume
the presidency in case of the death, resignation,
removal, or disability of the president. The Twenty-
fifth Amendment, passed in 1967, established
procedures to be followed in case of presidential
incapacity, death, or resignation, and when filling a
vacant vice presidency.Copyright 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s).
Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.