212 ❯ STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High
Factors in cellular differentiation:- Cytoplasmic distribution:different amounts of cytoplasm signal different structures.
- Induction:ability of one group of cells to influence another.
- Homeotic genes:regulate or direct the body plan of organisms.
Hormonesplay a major role in directing reproductive development and reproduction:
- FSH:stimulates oogenesis in females and spermatogenesis in males. Creates follicle that
surrounds the primary oocyte during development. - LH:stimulates the ovulation and production of estrogen and progesterone in females;
stimulates production of testosterone and sperm in males. Surge in this hormone trig-
gers ovulation (release of secondary oocyte from ovary). - GnRH:causes pituitary to release LH and FSH.
- Progesterone and estrogen:female sex hormones involved in reproduction.
- Testosterone:male sex hormone involved in reproduction.