234 ❯ STEP 4. Review the Knowledge You Need to Score High
12.Which of the following would have the survivor-
ship curve shown in the following diagram?
A. Humans
B. Lizards
C. Oysters
D. Fish
E. Whales
For questions 13–16, please use the following answer
choices:
A. Desert
B. Taiga
C. Tundra
D. Tropical rain forest
E. Deciduous forest13.This biome is known for having the most diverse
variety of species.
14.This biome is the driest of the land biomes.
15.The predominate plant life of this biome is short
shrubs or grasses.
16.This biome is known for its cold, lengthy, and
snowy winters and the presence of coniferous
forests.- A—The population shown in this age structure
chart is one that is growing rapidly because of
the gradual increase in percentage of the popula-
tion as the age approaches 0. This shows a pop-
ulation that has a high birth rate and a reasonable
life expectancy. - C—CO 2 is the dominant form of carbon present
in the atmosphere. - D—Density-dependent limiting factors show up
as the population approaches and/or passes the
carrying capacity. Examples of density-dependent
limiting factors include availability of food resources,
waste buildup, and density-induced diseases.
The other four choices are examples of density-
independent factors, which affect population size
regardless of how large or small it may be. - C—Denitrificationis defined as the process by
which bacteria themselves use nitrates and release
nitrogen gas as a product. Bacteria also perform
the necessary task of nitrogen fixation, which
takes atmospheric nitrogen and converts it to
NH 3. They later take this NH 3 and convert it to
nitrate, which plants require for photosynthetic
success. (Abiotic fixationandnitrogen turnoverare
terms that we made up because they sounded cool.)
Chemiosynthetic autotrophs are the producers
of the planet that produce energy through the
movement of electrons in oxidation reactions.- B—At this point, the population of rabbits has
declined to the point where the foxes are starting
to feel the reduction in their food supply. The
fox survival curve soon begins its decline, which
leads to the revival of the rabbits. - C—Anecosystemconsists of all the individuals in
the community and the environment in which
they exist. A populationis a collection of individ-
uals of the same species living in the same area.
Acommunityis a collection of all the different
populations of the various species in a geo-
graphic area. A biosphereis the collection of all
the life-containing areas of the planet. A nicheis
a representation of all the biotic and abiotic
resources a given organism requires. - B—An animal that is harmless copies the
appearance of an animal that isdangerous as a
defense mechanism to make predators think
twice about attacking. - D—Cryptic coloration is the animal kingdom’s
version of army clothes. Their coloration
matches that of their environment so they can
blend in and hide from their predators.
# of survivorsAge