294 ❯ STEP 5. Build Your Test-Taking Confidence
Questions 49–52: A student sets up a lab experiment
to study the behavior of slugs. She sets up a large tray
filled with soil that measures 1 square meter and has
four sets of conditions, one in each quadrant:
She places 20 slugs in the tray, 5 in each quadrant.
Use this information to answer the following
questions:
49.What is this lab setup called?
A. A gel sheet
B. A choice chamber
C. A potometer
D. An incubation chamber50.After 5 minutes, there are 5 slugs in each quad-
rant. Which of the following is not a viable
explanation for this finding?
A. The slugs haven’t had time to move yet.
B. The slugs have no preference for tempera-
ture or salinity conditions.
C. The slugs can’t move from one area of the
tray to another.
D. The slugs do not like to live in high-temperature
areas.
51.After 20 minutes, 20 slugs are in the high-
temperature, low-salinity quadrant. What kind of
animal behavior has this experiment displayed?
A. Kinesis
B. Taxis
C. Survival
D. Feeding
52.A classmate has set up a similar experiment in
the following manner:
Of the 20 slugs that she puts in her tray, 18 move
to the high-salinity, high-temperature section
within one hour, while the other 2 move to the
low-salinity, low-temperature section. She con-
cludes that slugs prefer conditions of high salin-
ity and temperature. What is wrong with this
conclusion?
A. She didn’t specify what the two tempera-
tures or salinities were.
B. The slugs may not have been able to move
where they wanted.
C. Crowding may have affected the behavior of
the slugs, causing the 2 others to move to the
other section.
D. She is measuring two variables at once with
no control, and therefore can’t conclude
anything about slug tastes.
53.Viral transduction is the process by which viruses
carry bacterial DNA from one bacterial cell to
another. In what way does this process play a role
in bacterial evolution?
A. By making the bacterial cell more resistant
to predators
B. By directly creating new species of bacteria
C. By increasing genetic variation of the bacteria
D. By selecting for viruses better able to infect
bacteria
54.ADH is a hormone secreted by the kidneys that
reduces the amount of water excreted in the
urine. ADH is released in times of dehydration.
This is an example of
A. innate behavior.
B. maintaining homeostasis.
C. failure to respond to the environment.
D. positive feedback.
For questions 55–57 refer to the information and
graph that follows.
Five dialysis bags, made from a semipermeable mem-
brane that is impermeable to glucose, were filled with
various concentrations of glucose and placed in sepa-
rate beakers containing 0.5 M glucose solution. The
bags were weighed every 10 minutes and the percent
change in mass for each bag was graphed:Low salinity, high Low salinity, low
temperature temperature
High salinity, high High salinity, low
temperature temperatureLow salinity, low temperature
High salinity, high temperature