Chemistry ❮ 49
- Which of the following will least affect the
effectiveness of an enzyme?
A. Temperature
B. pH
C. Concentration of substrate
D. Concentration of enzyme
E. Original activation energy of system
- Which of the following is similar to the process
of competitive inhibition?
A. When you arrive at work in the morning,
you are unable to park your car in your
(assigned) parking spot because the car of
the person who parks next to you has taken
up just enough space that you cannot fit
your own car in.
B. When you arrive at work in the morning, you
are unable to park your car in your parking
spot because someone with a car exactly like
yours has already taken your spot, leaving you
nowhere to park your car.
C. As you are about to park your car in your
spot at work, a giant bulldozer comes along
and smashes your car away from the spot,
preventing you from parking your car in
your spot.
D. When you arrive at work in the morning,
you are unable to park your car in your
parking spot because someone has placed a
giant cement block in front of your spot.
10.All the following are carbohydrates except
A. starch.
B. glycogen.
C. chitin.
D. glycerol.
E. cellulose.
11.An amino acid contains which of the following
functional groups?
A. Carboxyl group and amino group
B. Carbonyl group and amino group
C. Hydroxyl group and amino group
D. Carboxyl group and hydroxyl group
E. Carbonyl group and carboxyl group
1. D
2. C
3. A
4. B
- B—A phospholipid has both a hydrophobic
portion and a hydrophilic portion. The hydro-
carbon portion, or tail, of the phospholipid dis-
likes water, and the phosphate portion, the head,
is hydrophilic.
- E—Because the pH scale is logarithmic, 2 is
1,000 times more acidic than 5.
- B—This functional group is a carbonyl group.
The two main types of carbonyl groups are
ketones and aldehydes. In this case, it is a ketone
because there are carbon chains on either side of
the carbon double-bonded to the oxygen.
- E—The four main factors that affect enzyme
efficiency are pH, temperature, enzyme concen-
tration, and substrate concentration.
- B—Competitive inhibition is the inhibition of
an enzyme–substrate reaction in which the
inhibitor resembles the substrate and physically
blocks the substrate from attaching to the active
site. This parking spot represents the active site,
your car is the substrate, and the other car already
in the spot is the competitive inhibitor. Examples
A and D more closely resemble noncompetitive
inhibition.
❯ Answers and Explanations
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