102 i PERIOD 2 Organization and Reorganization of Human Societies
Change/Continuity Chart
REGION
POLITICAL
ECONOMIC
SOCIAL
CHANGES
CONTINUITIES
East Asia
Dynastic ruleMandate of heavenCentralized governmentGreat WallCivil service exam
Rice, millet Bronze craftsIronworkingSilk productionSilk Road tradePaper
UrbanizationPatriarchal societiesStratifi
ed society
ConfucianismDaoism
Development of philosophy Chinese traditions of
Confucianism, familyDynastic ruleAncestor venerationMandate of heaven
Southeast Asia
Chinese Infl
uence
Root cropsFruitTrade with South Asia
UrbanizationHinduismBuddhism
Adaptations of Chinese cultureHinduism and BuddhismUrbanization
Agriculture
Oceania
Regional kingdoms
Foraging
PolytheismAnimismTr iba l org a n i z at ion
Development of kingdoms
ForagingAustronesian migrations
Central Asia
Tribal governmentsChinese infl
uence
Migrations toward classical empires
NomadismTr a de f aci l it ator s
Indo-European migrations
Trade facilitatorsInvasion of classical empires
Pastoral nomadismShamanism
South Asia
Community planningMauryan and Gupta dynasties
GrainsIndian Ocean trade
UrbanizationPatriarchal societiesHinduismVa r n aBuddhismInoculationSati
HinduismBuddhismCaste systemDynasties
AgricultureInterest in technological advancementActive tradeVedasSanskrit
Southwest Asia
Persian EmpireHellenistic Empire
GrainsWheelCuneiformTrade with Indus Valley and EgyptCamel saddle
UrbanizationPolytheismStratifi
ed society
JudaismZoroastrianismChristianity
Development of major religions
AgricultureIrrigationTr a deJudaismZoroastrianism
KEY IDEA