AP Psychology

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❮ 201

Testing and Individual Differences

IN THIS CHAPTER

Summary:Are you taking the AP Psychology Exam in May? Have you taken

the SAT or ACT? These are all standardized tests. You’ve already taken lots of

tests in your lifetime, and will likely take many more, but all tests are not

created equal. Some tests are better than others at predicting or evaluating

your potential, or measuring your achievement. Tests are so important to you

because they are used to make decisions that affect your life

This chapter focuses on test quality and qualities of tests, ethics in

testing, intelligence and intelligence testing, and the interactions of heredity

and environment on intelligence.

Key Ideas

✪StandardizationandNorms

✪ReliabilityandValidity

✪Types of tests

✪Ethics and standards in testing

✪Intelligence

✪Intelligence testing

✪Kinds of intelligence

✪Heredity/environment and intelligence

✪Human diversity

Standardization and Norms

Psychometrics is the measurement of mental traits, abilities, and processes. Psychometricians

are involved in test development in order to measure some construct or behavior that

distinguishes among people. Constructs are ideas that help summarize a group of related

KEY IDEA

CHAPTER

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