288 ❯ STEP 5. Build Your Test-Taking Confidence
9.Because Al doesn’t care how well he does at
school, but does care about having enough
money to pay for a car, Al’s mother gives him
money for every “A” and “B” he earns on school
tests and projects. For which of the following
theories is the mother’s behavior an exemplary
application?
(A) Cannon–Bard
(B) instinct
(C) drive reduction
(D) arousal
(E) incentive10.In a cartoon, an angel is perched on one shoul-
der and a devil is perched on the other shoulder
of a character who needs to decide whether to
give money to a homeless man or not. The devil
says, “Don’t give him anything, you’ll make
better use of the money than he will.” The angel
says, “Give him the money because he needs it
more than you do.” The character gives the
homeless man half of his money. In a Freudian
interpretation, the angel represents the
character’s
(A) libido
(B) id
(C) ego
(D) superego
(E) reality principle
11.Barry reported that in his study, the relationship
between religiosity and academic grades was not
statistically significant. By “not statistically sig-
nificant,” he meant that the results
(A) were not important
(B) were not strong
(C) might have been due to chance
(D) were of no value to statisticians
(E) do not suggest any relationship
12.What is the mode of the following set of scores:
70, 70, 80, 80, 60, 60, 50, 90, 90, 90?
(A) 74
(B) 75
(C) 90
(D) 40
(E) 10
13.The AP Psychology examination given by the
College Board in May exemplifies which of the
following types of tests?
(A) aptitude
(B) projective
(C) achievement
(D) intelligence
(E) individualized
14.Which of the following drugs is classified as a
stimulant?
(A) alcohol
(B) nicotine
(C) heroin
(D) phencyclidine
(E) marijuana
15.Which schedule of reinforcement is followed by
Soledad, who answers every e-mail message her
friend sends?
(A) fixed ratio
(B) fixed interval
(C) variable ratio
(D) variable interval
(E) continuous
16.Before Justin could take an airplane flight, he
needed to overcome his fear of flying. His thera-
pist taught him relaxation exercises, which he
practiced while first looking at pictures of air-
planes, then seeing them take off at the airport,
then going into an empty plane that would not
take off, then finally taking a short flight. Which
of the following treatments did he undergo?
(A) psychoanalysis
(B) behavior therapy
(C) humanistic therapy
(D) cognitive therapy
(E) existential therapy
17.“Behavior is personality” best characterizes
which of the following personality theories?
(A) psychodynamic
(B) behavioral
(C) biological
(D) sociocultural
(E) evolutionary