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Behaviorists, such as B. F. Skinner, considered a person’s behavior his/her personality. They
attribute a change in behavior to changes in A,B,Cs—antecedents, behaviors, conse-
quences. Change accumulates as a result of learning.
On the other hand, Sigmund Freud proposed his stage theory of psychosexual develop-
ment. In each stage, the center of pleasure is different, and the child needs to resolve a dif-
ferent conflict to be well adjusted and avoid fixation. For example, if a baby is not
successfully weaned from the breast or bottle, he/she may develop an oral aggressive per-
sonality or an oral dependent personality. Someone who is oral aggressive can be sarcastic
and make biting comments or get into arguments easily.
Take a Diagnostic Exam ❮ 33