- (D) Professor Ma would need to be particularly careful to ensure the participants’ confidentiality
in this study since it deals with a controversial and possibly embarrassing subject. There is no
indication that Professor Ma coerced the participants or deceived them in any way. Confounding
variables are a concern for the validity of the study but not an ethical consideration. The study does
have a clear scientific purpose.
marvins-underground-k-12
(Marvins-Underground-K-12)
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