76
Antalya
KörfeziDardanelles
(Çanakkale
Boğazı)Sea of Marmara
(Marmara Denizi)
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(Van Gölü)Lake Tuz
(Tuz Gölü)Keban
Baraji
Atatürk
Baraji
Hirfanli
Baraji
Sevana
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İznik Gölü
Beyşehir
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Ap
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KarabakhSouth
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CYPRUS
TURKISH REPUBLIC OF
NORTHERN CYPRUS
(recognized only by Turkey)RU
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GEORGIA
AZERBAIJAN
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TURKEY
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Kazbek
16,558ft (5047m)
Mount Ararat
(Büyükaêrı Daêı)
16,854ft (5137m)
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Finike Silifke
Mut
Bodrum Karaman
Muğla
Milas
Tavas Silverek
Söke
Bitlis
Länkäran
Bingöl
Muradiye
Simav
Kulu
Naxcıvan
Patnos
Xankändi
Goris
Akhaltsikhe
Sorgun
Yıldızeli
Zara
Pasinler
Yevlax
Zaqatala
Art’ik Sevan
Artashat
Of
Ünye
Artvin
Kırklareli Sinop Quba
Ochamchire
Gagra
Gudauta
Samtredia
Xacmaz
Şamaxı
Biläsuvar
İmişli
Horasan
Pazar
Refahiye
Tercan
Göksun
Gürün
Ceyhan
Anamur
Manavgat
Fethiye
Dalaman
Marmaris
Dinar
Menemen
Gediz
Ayvalık
Bozüyük
Bilecik
Cihanbeyli
Kalecik
Alaca
Gerede
Devrek Kargı
Gerze
Cide
Kemah
Kobuleti Tsalka
Alaşehir
İncesu
Şarkışla
İnebolu
Gevaş
Erciş
Aşkale
İspir Sarıkamış
Gümüşhane
Bartın
Kaş
Çerkeş
Hekimhan
Ceylanpınar
Siyäzän
Äli-Bayramı
Boğazlıyan
Merzifon
Bünyan
Mestia
Şäki
Şırnak
Kırıkhan
Kilis
Nusaybin
Ereğli Mardin
Burdur Adıyaman
Nazilli Siirt
Niğde
Aksaray Silvan
Afyon Tatvan
Akhisar
Edremit
Erzincan
Qazimämmäd
Çanakkale
Tokat
Bandırma
Çankırı
Kars
Yalova
Mingäçevir
Bolu
Giresun
Tekirdağ
Karabük Rize
Kastamonu
Hopa
Gori
Bafra
Poti
Nevşehir
Muş
Viranşehir
Akşehir
Polatlı
Ödemiş
Çorlu
Ağri
Doğubayazıt
Alanya
Edirne
Antakya
Mersin
(İçel)
Antalya Tarsus Osmaniye
Denizli
Aydın
Batman
Diyarbakır
Malatya
Van
Manisa
Elâzığ
Kayseri
Kütahya
Balıkesir
Kırıkkale Sivas
Erzurum
Çorum
Sumqayıt
Gäncä
Adapazarı
Gyumri Vanadzor
Ordu
Trabzon
Samsun
Zonguldak
Rustavi
Batumi
Kutaisi
Sokhumi
Şanlıurfa
İzmit
Eskişehir
Uşak
İsparta
İskenderun
Kahramanmaraş
Adana
Gaziantep
Konya
Bursa
Izmir
Istanbul
TBILISI
YEREVAN
ANKARA
BAKU
(BAKI)
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
E
E
F
F
G H
H
I
I
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Turkey lies in both asia and Europe—separated
by the Bosphorus—and was once part of the powerful
Ottoman Empire. Although the population is 99 percent
Muslim, modern Turkey is a country with no official
religion. Western Turkey is relatively industrialized, with
a tourist industry along the Mediterranean coast that
brings in considerable income. Many farmers and
herders in the center and
east, however, struggle
to make a living in the
arid environment.
To the northeast
lie the Caucasus
countries of Georgia,
Azerbaijan, and
Armenia. Once
part of the USSR,
they are now
independent.
Turkey and the Caucasus
TURKISH FOOD
Turkey is self-sufficient in food
and grows specialized crops
such as eggplants, peppers, figs,
and dates. A typical Turkish meal
might consist of spiced lamb, often
grilled on a skewer with onion
and tomato to make a shish kebab.
This would be served with rice
or cracked wheat.
Visitors to Ephesus
admiring the remains
of the Library of Celsus
EPHESUS
Tourism is one of Turkey’s major
industries. As well as beach resorts,
the country has many ancient sites.
One of these is the old Greek city of
Ephesus, which lies 35 miles (56 km)
south of modern-day Izmir on the
Aegean coast. The city was famous for its
Temple of Artemis, which was considered
one of the seven wonders of the world.
ISTANBUL
The different faces of Turkey
can be seen in its former
capital, Istanbul, which lies on
both sides of the Bosphorus
waterway. Churches, mosques,
and ancient buildings in both
European and Islamic styles sit
side by side with modern shops
and offices. Bridges link the two
parts of the city. In 1923, Ankara
became the new capital.
FATHER OF THE TURKS
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881–1938),
founder of the modern Turkish
state, became its first president
in 1923. He introduced many
reforms, including more equality
for women and better education
for all. He also declared that Islam was
no longer to be the official religion.
Asia
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