REVOLUTION!2131914-47 1956-58
Workers and mutinied soldiers marched
on the streets of Petrograd (St. Petersburg). HAMMER AND
SICKLE BADGE
In 1922, Russia was
renamed the Union of
Soviet Socialist Republics
(USSR). Their symbol
represented the unity of
the workers and peasants.China’s cultural revolution In 1966,
the leader of the Chinese Communist
Party, Mao Zedong, launched a
campaign to make China a classless
society. Millions of educated and
privileged people were forced into
manual labor to be “reeducated”
and many thousands were killed.India’s peaceful revolution The political
figure Mohandas Ghandi returned to
India in 1914. He began a gradual
campaign of urging Indians to boycott
the British-run courts and schools and
resign from government positions. In
1930, Ghandi led a 240 mile (386 km)
march protesting against the tax on salt.Cuban revolution The revolutionary Fidel
Castro led a small band of rebels and peasants in
their two-year fight against the large army of the
dictator Fulgencio Batista. When Castro took
power in January, 1959, he made many reforms,
improving Cubans’ healthcare and education.The two revolutions Stirred up
by the Bolshevik socialist party,
the starving and war-weary Russians
demonstrated against the unpopular
Czar (king) Nicholas II in February,
1917, who then abdicated. In
October, led by Vladimir Lenin, the
Bolsheviks overthrew the government
to form the first communist state.Fidel CastroChe Guevara was one
of Castro’s rebel group
leaders.Chairman Mao reimposed his control Everyone had to read
and carry around a
copy of Mao’s “Little
Red Book.”1917 1966-76
“BE THE CHANGE
YOU WANT TO SEE
IN THE WORLD.”
Ghandi encouraged
resistance through non-
violent civil disobedience.“SMASH THE OLD
WORLD, ESTABLISH
A NEW WORLD.”
Young people in China
formed the Red Guards
to promote Mao’s message.The Indian spritual
and political leader,
Mohandas Ghandi,
in 1947—the year
India finally won
independence from
the British.HISTORY AND POLITICS