V
Co n cep t Byt e
Use W ith Lesson 1 2-7Co n d u ct i n g
Si m u l a t i o n s
Common Core State Standards
S -IC .B .5 Use data from a randomized experim ent to
compare tw o treatm ents; use simulations to decide if
differences betw een param eters are significant.
MP 5A simulation is a m odel of a real-life situation. O ne way to do a sim ulation is to use
ran d o m n u m b ers g enerated by a graphing calculator or co m p u ter program.
On a graphing calculator, th e co m m an d RANDINT generates ra n d o m integers.
To create a list of ra n d o m integers, press The calculator will display
RANDINTt After th e parenthesis, type , a n d press repeatedly to
create ran d o m 1- an d 2-digit n u m b ers from 0 to 99.Activity 1
About 40% of peop le in the United States have type A blood. Estimate the
probability that the next two p eop le w ho donate blood in a blood drive have
type A blood.Step 1 To sim ulate this situation, let a 2-digit n u m b e r re p resen t 2 people. Use a
calculator to generate 40 ra n d o m 2-digit num bers, like th e exam ple at th e right.
S tep 2 Since ab o u t 40% of p eople in th e U nited States have type A blood, 40% of the
digits 0-9 can be u sed to rep resen t th ese people. Let 0 ,1 ,2 , an d 3 rep resen t
people w ith type A blood, an d let 4, 5, 6 , 7, 8 , an d 9 re p resen t p eople w ithout
type A blood. So, th e 2-digit n u m b e r 53 re p resen ts one p e rso n w ithout
type A blood (the digit 5) an d one p erso n w ith type A blood (the digit 3).Step 3 In the exam ple at th e right, the six n u m b ers in red rep resen t two consecutive
people w ho have type A blood. The o th er 2-digit n u m b ers have at least one
digit th a t represents a perso n of a blood type o th er th a n type A.R(two consecutive p eople of blood type A)(^53183375)
(^93343645)
25 71 47 46
66 13 63 36
21 59 27 07
83 25 72 24
73 52 59 81
14 09 40 64
81 72 02 38
21 0 9
A
92 10
number of times the event occurs
num ber of tim es the experim ent is done
= ^ = 0.15
Convert 1-digit
numbers like 9
into 2-d ig it numbers
by adding a leading
zero.
You can also sim ulate situations using o th er m ethods, such as rolling n u m b e r cubes,
spinning spinners, or flipping coins.
Activity 2
A cereal com pany has a prom otion in which 1 in every 6 boxes contains a m ovie ticket.
Step 1 Roll two n u m b e r cubes to re p resen t two boxes of th e cereal. Let 1 re p resen t a
w inning box an d let 2,3, 4, 5, a n d 6 re p resen t a n o n w inning box.
S tep 2 Record th e result. R epeat this process 30 tim es. Use your results to estim ate
the probability th a t b oth boxes contain a movie ticket.
(jPowerAlgebra.com [ Co n cep t By t e Co n d u ct i n g Si m u l at i o n s^775