ecosystem is called as “cybernetics”
15.1 (a) Types of Ecosystem :
Natural (e.g. lake, forest, grassland etc.) or man made (e.g. an aquariumcrop field etc.)
(i) Temporary : e.g. rain-fed pond etc.
(ii)Permanent : e.g. lake, forest etc.- An ecosystem may be as small as a drop of pond water. Such
small ecosystem is called as micro ecosystem. Human activities may
modify or convert natural ecosystem into man made ecosystem. Cutting
tree or forests and the conversion of land for tree plantation or
agriculture etc. are some of the examples of conversion of natural
ecosystem to man made ecosystem.
15.1 (b) Components of Ecosystem :
Ecosystem consists of two components :
(i) Biotic component (ii) Abiotic component (environment,soil etc.
(i) Biotic components : Different biotic components are
connected, through food chain or other relations. That is why it is
said that all the living organisms comes under biotic components.
Food available for biotic components can be synthesized, from
inorganic raw material by the autrophs only.