The History of the Earth: Supplemental Guide 7A | Fossils 133

Note: Introducing the Read-Aloud may have activity options that

exceed the time allocated for this part of the lesson. To remain

within the time periods allocated for this portion of the lesson,

you will need to make conscious choices about which activities to

include based on the needs of your students.

Introducing the Read-Aloud 10 minutes

What Have We Already Learned? 10 minutes

What Has Gerry the Geologist Taught Us?

There are three types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary and

metamorphic.

Heat, pressure and time are the three forces of geology.

Minerals are small parts of rocks. All rocks have one or more

minerals. Some minerals are crystals.

The earth is a sphere. The globe is a model of the earth.

The earth’s surface is covered by continents and oceans.

The earth has four layers: a thin crust, the mantle, the outer core

and the inner core.

Heat, pressure, and time cause volcanic activity: volcanoes and

geysers.

Review with students the type of scientist Gerry is and what he

studies. Have students share the things that Gerry the Geologist

has taught them, such as the three types of rocks, various

minerals, volcanoes, geysers, etc. Tell students that all of these

things are not living; they are not plants or animals.

Explain that there are other scientists called paleontologists, who

study things that were living on the earth many years ago. Have

students say the word paleontologist three times. Remind students

that plants and animals are living things.

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7 A