xxiSpecial Thanks
We are extremely grateful to the many members of the editorial and production staff at John Wiley and Sons
who guided us through the challenging steps of developing this book. Their tireless enthusiasm, profes-
sional assistance, and endless patience smoothed the path as we found our way. We thank in particular
Senior Editor Rachel Falk, who expertly launched and directed the revision; Lauren Samuelson, Assistant
Editor, for coordinating the development and revision process; Jeffrey Rucker, Executive Marketing Man-
ager, and Clay Stone, Marketing Manager, for a superior marketing effort; and Chloe Moffett, Editorial Assis-
TANT FOR HER CONSTANT ATTENTION TO DETAIL 4HANKS ALSO TO "ONNIE 2OTH 3ENIOR 0RODUCT $ESIGNER FOR INSIGHTFUL
work in developing our WileyPLUS course as well as the other media components. We also thank Trish
McFadden, Senior Production Editor, for expertly helping us through the production process. Thanks to
Kathy Naylor, who managed and helped develop our art program. We thank Senior photo editors MaryAnn
Price and Sheena Goldstein for their unflagging, always swift work in researching and obtaining many of our
text images. We thank Kristine Carney for the beautiful new interior design and for her constant attention to
page layout, as well as Harry Nolan and Wendy Lai for our stunning new cover. Thank you to Kaye Pace,
Vice President and Executive Publisher; and Anne Smith, Vice President and Executive Publisher; for provid-
ing guidance and support to the rest of the team throughout the revision.About the Authors
$AVID - (ASSENZAHL IS THE &OUNDING $EAN OF THE 3CHOOL OF 3USTAINABILITY AND THE Environment at Chatham
University. An internationally recognized scholar of sustainability and risk analysis, his research focuses on in-
corporating scientific information and expertise into public decision. He holds a B.A. in Environmental Science
AND 0ALEONTOLOGY FROM THE 5NIVERSITY OF #ALIFORNIA AT "ERKELEY AND A 0H$ FROM 0RINCETON 5NIVERSITYS 7OOD-
row Wilson School. His efforts in climate change education have been supported by the National Science
Foundation, and recognition of his work includes the Society for Risk Analysis Outstanding Educator Award
AND THE 5.,6 &OUNDATION $ISTINGUISHED 4EACHING !WARD $R (ASSENZAHL IS A 3ENIOR &ELLOW OF THE .ATIONAL
Council for Science and the Environment, and a founding member of the Association of Environmental Studies
AND 3CIENCES 0RIOR TO HIS ACADEMIC CAREER $R (ASSENZAHL WORKED IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR AS AN ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGER AND AS AN INSPECTOR FOR THE 3AN &RANCISCO "AY !REA !IR 1UALITY -ANAGEMENT $ISTRICT
Mary Catherine Hager is a professional science writer and editor specializing in life and earth sciences.
She received a double-major B.A. in environmental science and biology from the University of Virginia and
an M.S. in zoology from the University of Georgia. Ms. Hager worked as an editor for an environmental
consulting firm and as a senior editor for a scientific reference publisher. For the past 20 years, she has
written and edited for environmental science, biology, and ecology textbooks for target audiences ranging
from middle school to college. Additionally, she has published articles in environmental trade magazines
and edited federal and state reports addressing wetlands conservation issues. Her writing and editing
pursuits are a natural outcome of her scientific training and curiosity, coupled with her love of reading and
effective communication.
Linda R. Berg is an award-winning teacher and textbook author. She received a B.S. in science education, an
-3 IN BOTANY AND A 0H$ IN PLANT PHYSIOLOGY FROM THE 5NIVERSITY OF -ARYLAND $R "ERG TAUGHT AT THE 5NIVERSITY
OF -ARYLAND#OLLEGE 0ARK FOR YEARS AND AT 3T 0ETERSBURG #OLLEGE IN &LORIDA FOR YEARS 3HE HAS TAUGHT
introductory courses in environmental science, biology, and botany to thousands of students and has received
NUMEROUS TEACHING AND SERVICE AWARDS $R "ERG IS ALSO THE RECIPIENT OF MANY NATIONAL AND REGIONAL AWARDS
including the National Science Teachers Association Award for Innovations in College Science Teaching, the
.ATIONS #APITAL !REA $ISABLED 3TUDENT 3ERVICES !WARD AND THE 7ASHINGTON !CADEMY OF 3CIENCES !WARD IN
5NIVERSITY 3CIENCE 4EACHING $URING HER CAREER AS A PROFESSIONAL SCIENCE WRITER $R "ERG HAS AUTHORED OR CO
authored numerous editions of several leading college science textbooks. Her writing reflects her teaching style
and love of science.