Visualizing Environmental Science

(Marvins-Underground-K-12) #1

426426


OiOill impoimporrtsts
(in millionmetrictons, 20100 )

The use and availability of
primary energy resources are
unequally distributed around
the globe. Morethan 86 percent
of energy consumed globally is
from nonrenewablefossil
fuels—coal, oil, and natural gas.
Consumption of these fuels is

greatest in industrialized
nations, with the United Statess
using up nearly one-quarterrr.
Developing countries, especially
those in sub-Saharan Africa, relly
on moretraditional sources
of energyyy, such as firewood
and dung.

More than 25, 000
10 ,001–25, 000
1001–10, 000
10 1–1 000
10 – 100
Less than 1 0
No data available

ALLLTERNATIVE ENERGIES
Hydropower provides nearly
18 percent oftheworld’s electricity,
but itislimited tocountrieswith
adequatewater resources,and it
poses threatstolocal watersheds.
Nuclearenergymakesup
17 percent ofEarth’s electricity,
but fewcountrieshaveadoptedit
because offpotential environmental
risks andwastedisposalissues.
Solarand windenergyare
inexhaustibleand are the focusof
new energytechnologiesand
research. Geothermalenergyis
efficient but limited tocountries
withreadysourcesofhot
groundwater,suchasIceland.

Renewable sourcesof
energy—geothermal,solar,
andwind—makeup asmall
percentageofthe world’s
energysupply.Theyhavea

significant impact, however,
onlocaland regionalenergy
supplies,especiallyfor
electricity,inplacessuchas
theUnitedStates,Japan,and

Germany.These sourcesof
energycanberegenerated or
renewedin a relativelyshort
time,whereasfossilfuels form
overgeologictimespans.

More than 500 0
110000 1–5–1 000000

More than 25 0
17 5–25 0
7 5–1 74
Less than 75

GUermany 25,000nited States 35,000
Sppain 19,, 000

IDndia 11,80enmark 34 (^065)
United Kingdom 2100
INetatlyhe (^485) rlan (^0) ds 22 30
Japan 205 6
United States, Europe, Japan,
and China. Other major oil
exporters include the
RussianFederation, Norwayyy,
Venezuela, and Mexico.
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Major oil reserves are
clustered in a handful of
countries, more than half
of which are in the Middle
East, whereas the greatestt
demand for oil is in the
Coal
Natural gas
Oil
cOhiol trkansepoitint
Major energyy deposit
Annual energy consumption,
in trillions of British thermal units (BTUs)
RENEWABLE ENERGY
HYDROPOWER
NUCLEAR
SOLAR
WIND
GEOTHERMAL
PAASCIFIIA-C
PAASCIFIIA-C
Jim Richar
dson/NG Ima
ge
Col
lec
tio
n
Ma
rk B
ur
nett
/Photo
Res
ear
chers
, Inc.
J.
Mead
/Science Source
John Mead
/Photo
Res
ear
chers
, Inc.
Photo by Pacific Gas
&
Electric
, NREL 0006
0
The Geothermal Energy Association/
Barry Soloman/Michigan Technological
University/Sandia National Laboratories/
Windpower Monthly News Magazine
U.S. Department of Energy/USGS Mineral
Resources Program
œL>Êi˜iÀ}ÞÊÃÕ««ÞÊ>˜`ÊVœ˜ÃՓ«Ìˆœ˜ÊUʈ}ÕÀiʣǰ£äÊ
Oil suppliers are distributed unequally around the world, and energy consumption varies dramatically between regions.
Is the country you live
in a net importer or
exporter of oil?
GLOBAL
LOCAL

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