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Extended Data Table 2 | Physical properties of materials used in the numerical experiments
The parameters used in the flow laws^45 are: for wet quartzite AD = 10–3.5 MPa–n s–1, where n = 2.3 and E = 154,000 J mol−1; for plagioclase An 75 – AD = 10–3.5 MPa–n s–1, where n = 3.2 and
E = 238,000 J mol−1; for dry olivine AD = 104.4 MPa–n s–1, where n = 3.5 and E = 532,000 J mol−1; for wet olivine AD = 103.3 MPa–n s–1, where n = 4.0 and E = 470,000 J mol−1. ρ 0 is density, k is thermal
conductivity, Tsolidus, Tliquidus are the solidus and liquidus temperatures, Hr, HL are radiogenic and latent heat production, E is activation energy, n is the stress component, AD is the material
constant, V is the activation volume, T is the temperature, P is the pressure; c 0 and c 1 are the initial and final compressive strengths; and γ 0 and γ 1 are the initial and final effective friction
coefficients. The parameters used for all lithologies are: isobaric heat capacity Cp = 1,000 J kg−1 K−1, thermal expansion coefficient α = 3 × 10−5 K–1, and isothermal compressibility β = 10−3 MPa–1.
Data are taken from refs.^45 ,^46 ,^48 ,^83 –^85.