Index
Accelerated cooling, 151-2
Acrylic coating, 94
Adhesives, 109
Aerospace industry, use of stainless steels,
320
Ageing see primary tempering
Alloying elements
effect on cold-working, 341-5
effect on hardenability, 210- 213
in high-speed steels, 254-6
see also under individual names
Alpha iron see ferrite
Alumina, as additive, 240
Aluminium
in aluminium-killed steel, 43-4, 46-7
as delta ferrite former, 299
effect on inclusions, 166-7
for grain size control, 147, 148-9
as hot-dip coating, 93
to promote secondary hardening, 319
use in hot dip galvanizing process, 86
Aluminium nitride, 44
Aluminium-killed (AK) steel, 37, 39
bake-hardening, 69
batch-annealed, 43- 5
continuously-annealed, 46-55
solid solution-strengthened, 63-4
Aluminium/zinc coatings, 92-3
American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), 168
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI),
numbering system, 301
American Petroleum Institute (AI'I),
specifications, 187-8
Annealing process, 4-5, 218
batch see batch annealing process
continuous see continuous annealing
process
for high-speed steels, 256-7
Architectural applications, stainless steels,
374-8
Architectural Polyester coating, 125
Argon-oxygen decarburization (AOD)
process, 292, 324, 333
Armco 12SR, 374
Ashby-Orowan model (precipitation
strengthening), 144
Austempering treatment, 204
temperature, 76- 7
Austenite (gamma iron), 6
conditioned, 151
duplex, 296
formers, 298, 299- 301
Austenite phase field, 295
Austenitic manganese rail steels, 278-9
Automotive applications
control of distortion, 226
corrosion resistant materials, 121 - 3
exhausts/catalytic converters, 372-4
low-carbon strip steel, 115
micro-alloy forging steels, 281, 284
need for weight reduction, 116-20
ULSAB project, 118-21
use of high strength steels, 116
Autotempering, 312
Bainite, 8, 11, 82
Bake-hardening steels, 57, 66-7
batch annealing process, 68-9
continuous annealing process, 69-71
Balanced (semi-killed) ingots, 147
Batch annealing process, 4-5, 43-6
bake-hardening steels, 68-9
Battelle Drop Weight Tear test, 188
Bauschinger effect, 188, 190
Bearing steels, 199- 200, 201,249
fatigue testing, 250-52
Bendability, 31
Bismuth, as free cutting additive, 239
Blackplate, 98
Body-in-white (BIW), 118
Boilers
layout and operation, 361-3
selection of steels, 351,363-5
Bonnazine 2000, 122
Boron
effect on hardenability, 213-17, 224-5
for formability improvement, 50
for strength improvement, 64
Bottle unit (offshore structure), 178
Box girder bridges, 182
Brearley, Harry, 291
Bridges see steel bridges
Brittle fracture design, steel bridges,
182-3
Buckling effect, in pressing process, 30
Building code requirements, multi-storey
buildings, 185-7
Buildings
use of low-carbon strip steel, 123-5
see also architectural applications
Bulkheads, 173