82 Joseph E. Inikori
the Influence of the Portuguese, 1483-1790, Oxford University Press, 1966; Phyllis
Martin, The External Trade of the Loango Coast 1576-1860, Oxford Clarendon
Press 1972; Edward A. Alpers, Ivory and Slaves in East Central Africa : Changing
Patterns of International Trade to the Later Nineteenth Century, London, Heine-
mann, 1975.- See John H. Williams, "The Theory of International Trade Reconsidered', in Lord
Keynes, Joan Robinson, et al. (eds.), Readings in the Theory of International Trade,
p. 253-71, London, 1950, where this distinction is clearly made. - P. D. Curtin, The Atlantic Slave Trade : A Census, Madison, Wis., University of
Wisconsin Press, 1969. - J. E. Inikori, 'Measuring the Atlantic Slave Trade: An Assessment of Curtin and
Anstey', Journal of African History, Vol. XVII, No. 2 (1976); D. Eltis, 'The Direc-
tion and Fluctuation of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade 1821^3: A Revision of the
1845 Parliamentary Paper' (paper presented at the Mathematical Social Science
Board Seminar on the Economics of the Slave Trade, Colby College, Waterville,
Maine, 20-22 August 1975); Roger Anstey, The Atlantic Slave Trade and British
Abolition 1760-1810, London, Macmillan, 1975. - Ralph A. Austen, 'A Census of the Trans-Saharan Slave Trade, or approximating the
uncountable' (paper presented at the Mathematical Social Science Board Seminar
on the Economics of the Slave Trade, Colby College, Waterville, Maine, 20-22
August 1975). - This view was expressed by some of the participants at the Colby College Seminar.
- C. S. Nicholls, The Swahili Coast : Politics, Diplomacy and Trade on the East African
Littoral 1798-1856, London, Allen & Unwin 1971. - Jonathan Levin emphasized the proportion of total income from export production,
which is remitted abroad by'migrated factors' of production, as one of the important
determinants of the magnitude of the contribution of export production to internal
development processes in export economies. Consequently, he applied the term,
'foreign factors of production', only to those factors which remit their income
abroad. Conversely, he applied the term, 'domestic factors of production', to
' those factors which spend their income within the economy in which it is earned,
for consumation, investment, imports, or any other purpose'. See Jonathan V. Levin,
'The Export Economies', in James D. Theberge (ed.), The Economics of Trade and
Development, p. 17-18. New York, London, Wiley, 1968. In the case of Latin
America, remittances (especially bullion remittances) to imperial governments in
Europe form parts of factors' remittance abroad. - J. E. Inikori, 'English Trade to Guinea: A Study in the Impact of Foreign Trade on
the English Economy, 1750-1807'. (Ph.D. thesis, University of Ibadan, 1973.) - In some aspects, the credit requirements of the British slave trade are similar to those
required today by the trading of capital goods internationally. - Inikori, 'English trade to Guinea', op. cit., Chap. VII.
- Inikori, 'English Trade to Guinea', op. cit., p. 234-41; J. E. Inikori, 'Measuring the
Atlantic Slave Trade'. - Inikori, 'English Trade to Guinea', op. cit., Chap. IV.
- See Inikori, 'English Trade to Guinea', op. cit., Chap. IV, for more details.
- Simone Berbain, 'Études sur la Traite des Noirs au Golfe du Guinée: Le Comptoir
Français de Juda (Ouidah) au XVIIIe Siècle', Mémoires de l'Institut Français
d'Afrique Noire, No. 3, 1942, p. 85-6; Gaston Martin, Nantes au XVIIIe Siècle :
l'Ere des Négriers, 1714-1774, Paris, 1931; Pierre M. Boulle, 'Slave Trade, Com-
mercial Organisation and Industrial Growth in Eighteenth Century Nantes',
Revue Française d'Histoire d'Outre-Mer, Vol. LIX, No. 214, 1st quarter, 1972.