Human Anatomy Vol 1

THORAX

Thyrocervical trunk

Subclavian artery

lnternal thoracic artery

Termination of the

internal thoracic artery

Musculophrenic artery

F19.21.7= The origin, course

thoracic artery

Sternoclavicular

joint

Brachiocephalic

trunk

Sternal angle

Right nipple .-@

Seventh right

costal cartilage

Superior

epigastric

aftery

and terminations of the internal

Median plane

Left common

carotid

Left subclavian

Arch of aorta r

Second

intercostal

space

Left nipple

Descending

thoracic aorta

of thorax

above

angle, arches upwards and to the left through the centre
of the manubrium, and ends at the sternal end of the
left second costal cartilage. Note that the beginning and
the end of the arch lie at the same level. When marked
on the surface as described above, the arch looks much
smaller than it actually is because of foreshortening
(Fig.21.8).

Descending thoracic aorta is marked by two parallel
lines 2.5 cm apart, which begin at the stemal end of the
left second costal cartilage, pass downwards and

medially, and end in the median plane 2.5 cm

the transpyloric plane (Fig. 21.8).

Eraahiac Artery

Brachiocephalic artery is markedby a broad line

extending from the centre of the manubrium to the right

sternoclavicular joint (Fig. 21.8).

The thoracic part of this artery is marked by a broad

line extending from a point a little to the left of the centre

of the manubrium to the left sternoclavicular joint.

Lett Subelavian Artery

The thoracic part of the left subclavian artery is marked

by a broad vertical line along the left border of the

manubrium a little to the left of the left common carotid

artery.

Veins

Srperdor nfl Csys

Superior vena cava is marked by two parallel lines 2 cm

apart, drawn from the lower border of the right first

costal cartilage to the upper border of the third right

costal cartilage, overlapping the right margin of the

sternum (Fig.21.9).

It is marked by two parallel lines 1.5 cm apart, drawn

from the medial end of the right clavicle to the lower

border of the right first costal cartilage close to the

sternum (Fi9.21.9).

LeflBrsahioeephslic in

It is marked by two parallel lines 1.5 cm apart, drawn

from the medial end of the left clavicle to the lower

border of the first right costal cartilage. It crosses the

left sternoclavicular joint and the upper half of the

manubrium (Fig.27.9).

Lefl first rib

lnternal

jugular

Subclavian

vetn

Right

brachiocephalic

vetn

Vena azygos

Superior

vena cava

Left

brachiocephalic

vern

Costal

cartilages

Fig. 21 .8: Surface marking of some arteries Fig. 21 .9: Surface marking of veins of thorax