276 Chapter 11
- The inner ear consists of fluid-filled interconnect-ing
chambers and tunnels in the temporal bone. It contains-
the cochlea involved in hearing and the semicircular
canals and vestibule involved in balance.
Review Questions
- Name the four principal parts of the brain and their
subdivisions where appropriate.^
2.^ Name the complex functions of the hypothalamus.^
3. Name the 12 cranial nerves; include their Roman
numeral designation and their functions.^
*4. Explain how the hypothalamus of the brain and the
autonomic nervous system allow us to fight or flee in
a stressful situation.
*Critical Thinking Question
FILL IN THE BLANK
Fill in the blank with the most appropriate term.
- The brain is protected by the (^)
bones, the , and (^)
(^) fluid. (^)
Cerebrospinal fluid acts as a (^)
and circulates. (^)
- Cerebrospinal fluid circulates in the (^)
(^) space and the four (^)
4.
(^) of the brain. (^)
Crossing of tracts in the medulla oblongata is known (^)
as. (^)
5. The of the midbrain is a re- (^)
flex center that controls movement of the head and (^)
eyeballs and head and trunk in response to visual (^)
and auditory stimuli. (^)
6. Folds on the surface of the cerebrum are called (^)
(^) and intervening grooves are (^)
called^.^
- The two hemispheres of the cerebrum are con-
nected by a bridge of nerve fibers called the^
8.(^). (^)
The four main lobes of each cerebral hemisphere (^)
are , , (^)
9.
(^) , and. (^)
The cerebellum functions in coordinating (^)
(^) movements and keeping the (^)
body. (^)
- The two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous
-system are the system, which stimulates and
involves energy expenditure,^
and the system, which is (^)
mainly restorative. (^)
Matching
Place the most appropriate number in the blank
provided.
Olfactory cortex 1. Transparent sclera
Taste cortex 2. Regulates light
Tears entering eye
Cornea 3. Rods and cones
Choroid layer 4. Posterior
Retina -compartment of eye
Iris 5. Holds lens in place
Ciliary body 6. Visible portion of the
Pupil external ear
Aqueous humor 7. Temporal and
Vitreous humor olfactory lobes
Auricle 8. Hearing
Ceruminous glands 9. Balance
Cochlea 10. Earwax
Semicircular canals 11. Parietal lobe
- Anterior
-compartment of eye - Colored part of eye
- Blood vessels and
pigment cells - Lacrimal gland
- Outermost layer of
The Esophagus.
- Blind
Search and Explore
● Search the Internet for a famous person who
was diagnosed with one of the diseases
introduced in this chapter, such as Ronald^
Regan, 40th president of the United States,
who had Alzheimer’s disease.^
● Visit the Human Anatomy Online web-
site at http://www.innerbody.com and
explore the nervous system.