grid geometry manager
combining with packer, 568–570
file download system, 845
functionality, 452, 501, 564
input forms, 565
laying out larger tables, 574–582
making expandable, 570
packer comparison, 566–568
reasons for using, 564
resizing in grids, 572
spanning rows/columns, 573
GUI (graphical user interface), 355
(see also tkinter module)
adding buttons, 379–382
adding callback handlers, 382–395
adding callbacks, 379–382
adding multiple widgets, 395–400
adding to non-GUI code, 646–662
additional information, 766
attaching frames, 471–475
basic functionality, 40–42
building for PyCalc, 1459
coding techniques, 46, 368, 635–636
for command-line tools, 613–623
customizing, 44
customizing widgets with classes, 400–403
development options, 358–362
geometry managers, 370
Hello World program, 368, 376
independent windows, 476–477
inputting user data, 44
making widgets, 370
OOP considerations, 42–44
programming suggestions, 49–51, 355
reloading callback handlers, 628–630
reusable components, 403–410
running programs, 357, 371, 478–484
shelve interface, 46–51
threads and, 208–210, 584–585, 639, 657
toolkit suggestions, 50
GuiMaker tool
BigGui client demo program, 609–612
classes supported, 608
functionality, 603–607
self-test, 608
subclass protocols, 607
GuiMixin tool
functionality, 521, 598
mixin utility classes, 599–602
PyCalc program, 1464
widget builder functions, 598
GuiStreams tool
functionality, 623–627
redirecting packing scripts, 627H
hashing technique, 1305
Hello World program, 368, 376, 1183–1192
help function, 78
hidden fields
passing header text in, 1273–1275
passing parameters in, 1172, 1176
passing state information in, 1262
HList widget, 1116
holmes expert system shell
functionality, 1414
rule strings, 1412
HTML
basic overview, 1136
building web pages with, 1135
CGI script escape conventions, 1201–1209
escaping mail text/passwords, 1264–1266
file permission constraints, 1140
form tags, 1149–1152
hidden input fields, 1262
Internet applications and, 1297
parsing support, 779, 1430, 1435–1438
PyMailGUI text extraction, 1016, 1053
table tags, 1148
URL conflicts and, 1206
html.entities module, 1437
html.parser module
fetched data considerations, 995
functionality, 786, 1430, 1435–1438
screen scraping support, 779
HTMLgen tool, 780
HTTP
accessing websites, 994–997
cookie support, 1177–1181
http.client module, 786, 994
http.cookiejar module, 786, 1178, 1180
http.cookies module, 786, 1178
http.server module, 786, 994
HTTPS (secure HTTP), 1281
HTTP_COOKIE environment variable, 1179
hyperlinks, 1117, 1136, 1170–1172Index| 1565