USMLE Step 2 CK Lecture Notes 2019: Obstetrics/Gynecology (Kaplan Test Prep)

OB TRIAD Prolonged Latent Phase Diagnosis. Prolonged latent phase requires that, in the face of regular uter ...

ARRESTED ACTIVE PHASE A 22-year-old primigravida at 39 weeks’ gestation has progressed in labor to 8 cm of ...

OB TRIAD Active Phase Arrest Diagnosis. Arrested active phase is diagnosed if membranes are ruptured and cer ...

PROLONGED SECOND STAGE A 20-year-old primigravida at 41 weeks’ gestation has progressed in labor to 10 cm of ...

OB TRIAD Second-Stage Arrest Diagnosis. Management. This involves assessment of uterine contractions and maternal ...

PROLONGED THIRD STAGE A 20-year-old primigravida at 39 weeks’ gestation underwent a spontaneous vaginal delive ...

OBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONS DURING LABOR PROLAPSED UMBILICAL CORD ...

OB TRIAD Prolapsed Umbilical Cord A 34-year-old multigravida with a known uterine septum comes to the mater ...

Management. Do not hold the cord or try to push it back into the uterus. Place the patient in knee-chest po ...

SHOULDER DYSTOCIA A 20-year-old primigravida at 39 weeks’ gestation was pushing in the second stage of labor ...

OB TRIAD Shoulder Dystocia Diagnosis. This diagnosis is made when delivery of the fetal shoulders is de ...

OBSTETRIC LACERATIONS Perineal lacerations are classified by the extent of tissue disruption between the vaginal intr ...

EPISIOTOMY This is a surgical incision made in the perineum to enlarge the vaginal opening and assist in c ...

15 ...

OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA ...

LEARNING OBJECTIVES Differentiate the physiology of anesthesia as applied to a pregnant versus a non-pregnant ...

PHYSIOLOGY Pain relief from uterine contractions and cervical dilation in stage 1 of labor involves tho ...

ANESTHETIC OPTIONS DURING LABOR Intravenous agents include sedatives, which are frequently given in the active phase ...

OB TRIAD Paracervical Block Effect Paracervical block is a mode of conduction anesthesia that involves ...

OB TRIAD Epidural Block Side Effect Pregnancy in active labor Conduction anesthesia given ½ body numb; ½ ...