USMLE Step 2 CK Lecture Notes 2019: Obstetrics/Gynecology (Kaplan Test Prep)

OB TRIAD

Down    Syndrome

Figure I-1-5. Birth Rate and Rate of Down Syndrome versus Maternal
Age

Short   stature

intellectual    disability

Endocardial cushion cardiac defects

Edward  syndrome    (trisomy    18) (1  in  5,000   births) is  more    frequent    with

advancing   maternal    age;    80% of  cases   occur   in  females.    IUGR    is  common. It

is  associated  with    profound    intellectual    disability. Unique  findings    are rocker-

bottom  feet    and clenched    fists.  Survival    to  age 1   year    is  <10%,   with    mean

survival    14  days.

Patau   syndrome    (trisomy    13) is  more    frequent    with    advancing   maternal    age.

It  is  associated  with    profound    intellectual    disability. Associated  findings