Handbook of Herbs and Spices - Volume 3

(sharon) #1

190 Handbook of herbs and spices


Table 11.4 Chemical constituents of four black pepper varieties


Percentage composition

No. Compound 1 2 3 4


1 a-Thujene 0.73 1.26 1.59 0.91
2 a-Pinene 5.28 6.18 5.07 5.32
3 Camphene 0.14 0.18 0.14 0.13
4 Sabinene 8.50 13.54 17.16 1.94
5 b-Pinene 11.08 10.88 9.16 6.40
6 Myrcene 2.23 2.30 2.20 8.40
7 a-Phellandrene 0.68 0.20 – 2.32
8 d-3-Careme 2.82 0.18 – 1.03
9 a-Terpinene – – 0.39 1.13
10 p-Cymene – 0.18 0.07 9.70
11 (Z)-b-Ocimene + b-phellandrene – 0.15 0.23 0.37
12 Limonene 21.06 21.26 22.71 16.74
13 (E)-b-Ocimene 0.18 2.84 0.30 0.17
14 g-Terpinene 0.01 0.49 – 0.03
15 Trans-sabinene hydrate 0.14 – 0.30 0.19
16 Terpinolene 0.10 0.20 0.22 0.08
17 Trans-linalool oxide 0.03 0.18 – 0.08
18 Linalool 0.22 0.22 0.46 0.28
19 Cis-p-menth-2-en-1-ol- + cis-p- 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.02
menth-2,8-diene-1-ol
20 Trans-p-menth-2-en-1-ol 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
21 Citronellal 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.01
22 p-Menth-8-en-1-ol 0.03 t – t
23 Borneol t t t t
24 Terpinen-4-ol 0.19 0.32 0.52 0.18
25 a-Terpineol 0.10 0.17 0.12 0.07
26 Dihydrocarveol 0.01 – 0.02 0.02
27 p-Menth-8-en-2-ol – 0.01 0.02 0.02
28 Trans-carveol 0.01 0.01 – 0.02
29 Cis-carveol + carvone 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03
30 Piperitone 0.04 t 0.03 t
31 Carvone oxide 0.01 0.01 – 0.01
32 Myrtenol 0.20 0.04 0.11 0.04
33 a-Terpinyl acetate 0.86 1.22 1.33 1.05
34 Neryl acetate 0.20 0.07 0.05 0.13
35 Geranyl acetate 0.12 0.01 0.07 0.11
36 a-Cubebene/d-elemene 3.25 0.26 0.16 2.56
37 a-Copaene 0.82 0.49 0.44 0.71
38 b-Elemene 0.09 0.09 0.06 0.05
39 b-Caryophyllene 21.59 27.70 23.2 21.19
40 Trans-a-berga motene 0.31 – – 0.28
41 a-Humulene 0.21 0.20 – 0.29
42 (E)-b-Farnesene 0.08 0.22 0.11 0.13
43 a-Amorphene 1.51 1.53 0.03 1.28
44 a-Guaiene 0.11 0.07 1.54 0.10
45 Clovene 0.14 0.07 0.07 0.13
46 Germacrene-D 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.26
47 ar-curcumene 0.26 0.12 0.04 0.29
48 b-Selinene 0.64 0.87 1.37 0.63
49 a-Selinene 0.07 0.12 0.48 0.14
50 d-Muurolene 0.73 0.93 0.16 0.58
51 (E,E)-2-Farnesene 0.72 – 0.47 0.72

Free download pdf