motivation for, 70
opinions, 174
opposition, 94 . See also resistance
optimism, 19
options. See choices
orders, 17 , 25 . See also enforceable statements
avoiding, 65 , 206
bossiness, 128–29
enforcing, 17–18, 43 , 69 , 87 , 148
fighting words in, 88
reactions to, 70–73, 74 , 84
self-concept and, 37
uncontrollable matters, 83–84, 125
pacifiers, 203–4
pain, 13 , 31 , 99 , 101 , 242
parent-child relationship, 14 , 19–20, 106
after divorce, 156–58
building, 85 , 115 , 116
damaging, 173
grandparents and, 187
toxic, 188
parent-grandparent interaction, 188
parenting, 19–20, 21 , 26 , 175
abdicating responsibilities of, 165 , 166
concept of, 21 , 79 , 119
parenting styles, 26 , 187 , 257
effective, 27
ineffective, 23–26, 258–59
parents
as fall guys, 207
foster, 102
as models, 48–50